Fuzz introspector
For issues and ideas: https://github.com/ossf/fuzz-introspector/issues

Fuzzer details

Fuzzer: b64_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 3 17.6%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 14 82.3%
All colors 17 100

Fuzz blockers

The followings are the branches where fuzzer fails to bypass.

Unique non-covered Complexity Unique Reachable Complexities Unique Reachable Functions All non-covered Complexity All Reachable Complexity Function Name Function Callsite Blocked Branch
0 0 None 0 99 crow::utility::base64decode(charconst*,unsignedlong) call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/utility.h:638
0 0 None 0 99 crow::utility::base64decode(charconst*,unsignedlong) call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/utility.h:640
0 0 None 0 0 crow::utility::base64decode(charconst*,unsignedlong)::{lambda(char)#1}::operator()(char)const call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/utility.h:633

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
6
Functions that are reachable but not covered
6
Reachable functions
17
Percentage of reachable functions covered
64.71%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/src/crow/tests/fuzz/b64_fuzzer.cpp 2
/src/crow/include/crow/utility.h 5
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__exception/exception.h 1

Fuzzer: template_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 21 25.3%
gold [1:9] 4 4.81%
yellow [10:29] 2 2.40%
greenyellow [30:49] 2 2.40%
lawngreen 50+ 54 65.0%
All colors 83 100

Fuzz blockers

The followings are the branches where fuzzer fails to bypass.

Unique non-covered Complexity Unique Reachable Complexities Unique Reachable Functions All non-covered Complexity All Reachable Complexity Function Name Function Callsite Blocked Branch
0 0 None 58 1394 crow::mustache::template_t::render_internal(int,int,std::__1::vector >&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,int)const call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:292
0 0 None 58 1394 crow::mustache::template_t::render_internal(int,int,std::__1::vector >&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,int)const call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:292
0 0 None 58 1394 crow::mustache::template_t::render_internal(int,int,std::__1::vector >&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,int)const call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:292
0 0 None 58 1394 crow::mustache::template_t::render_internal(int,int,std::__1::vector >&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,int)const call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:292
0 0 None 58 1394 crow::mustache::template_t::render_internal(int,int,std::__1::vector >&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,int)const call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:336
0 0 None 58 1394 crow::mustache::template_t::render_internal(int,int,std::__1::vector >&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,int)const call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:364
0 0 None 6 15 crow::mustache::template_t::parse() call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:602
0 0 None 6 15 crow::mustache::template_t::parse() call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:604
0 0 3 :

['std::__1::istreambuf_iterator >::istreambuf_iterator[abi:v180000](std::__1::basic_istream >&)', 'std::__1::istreambuf_iterator >::istreambuf_iterator[abi:v180000]()', 'std::__1::istreambuf_iterator > std::__1::basic_string , std::__1::allocator >::basic_string[abi:v180000] >, 0>(std::__1::istreambuf_iterator >)']

0 0 crow::mustache::default_loader(std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >const&) call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h:719
0 0 None 0 0 crow::utility::sanitize_filename(std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,char)::{lambda(std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,unsignedint,charconst*,bool,char)#1}::operator()(std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,unsignedint,charconst*,bool,char)const call site: 00000 /src/crow/include/crow/utility.h:738

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
44
Functions that are reachable but not covered
22
Reachable functions
69
Percentage of reachable functions covered
68.12%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/src/crow/tests/fuzz/template_fuzzer.cpp 2
/src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h 13
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__exception/exception.h 1
/src/crow/include/crow/json.h 7
/src/crow/include/crow/returnable.h 2
/src/crow/include/crow/utility.h 4

Fuzzer: request_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 10 100.%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 0 0.0%
All colors 10 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
9 0 EP call site: 00000 __cxa_guard_acquire

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
0
Functions that are reachable but not covered
15
Reachable functions
15
Percentage of reachable functions covered
0.0%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/src/crow/tests/fuzz/request_fuzzer.cpp 3
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/byteswap.h 1

Analyses and suggestions

Optimal target analysis

Remaining optimal interesting functions

The following table shows a list of functions that are optimal targets. Optimal targets are identified by finding the functions that in combination, yield a high code coverage.

Func name Functions filename Arg count Args Function depth hitcount instr count bb count cyclomatic complexity Reachable functions Incoming references total cyclomatic complexity Unreached complexity
crow::Crow<>::run() /src/crow/include/crow/app.h 1 ['N/A'] 32 0 117 20 19 1132 1 1936 1916
crow::HTTPParser >>::on_url(crow::http_parser*,charconst*,unsignedlong) /src/crow/include/crow/parser.h 3 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'size_t'] 16 0 65 8 9 513 0 1580 1301
crow::HTTPParser >>::on_message_complete(crow::http_parser*) /src/crow/include/crow/parser.h 1 ['N/A'] 16 0 16 3 2 637 0 1398 302
crow::Server ,crow::SocketAdaptor>::run()::{lambda()#1}::operator()()const /src/crow/include/crow/http_server.h 1 ['N/A'] 18 0 223 39 32 484 0 853 257
asio::detail::reactive_socket_accept_op ,asio::ip::tcp,crow::Server ,crow::SocketAdaptor>::do_accept()::{lambda(std::__1::error_code)#1}>::do_complete(void*,asio::detail::scheduler_operation*,std::__1::error_codeconst&,unsignedlong) /usr/include/asio/detail/reactive_socket_accept_op.hpp 4 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'size_t'] 27 0 96 17 17 491 0 788 157
asio::detail::reactive_socket_send_op ,asio::detail::write_op ,std::__1::vector >,std::__1::__wrap_iter ,asio::detail::transfer_all_t,crow::Connection >::do_write()::{lambda(std::__1::error_codeconst&,unsignedlong)#1}>>::do_complete(void*,asio::detail::scheduler_operation*,std::__1::error_codeconst&,unsignedlong) /usr/include/asio/detail/reactive_socket_send_op.hpp 4 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'size_t'] 18 0 87 14 13 327 0 494 139
crow::TaggedRule ,std::__1::allocator >>::operator() ::add_static_dir()::{lambda(crow::response&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >)#1}>(crow::Crow<>::add_static_dir()::{lambda(crow::response&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >)#1}&&)::{lambda(crow::request&,crow::response&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >)#1}::operator()(crow::request,crow::response&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >)const /src/crow/include/crow/routing.h 4 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A'] 7 0 16 3 2 35 0 128 78
crow::json::wvalue::dump_internal(crow::json::wvalueconst&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >&,int,char,int)const /src/crow/include/crow/json.h 6 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'int', 'char', 'int'] 4 0 561 113 27 20 3 71 67
asio::detail::signal_set_service::notify_fork(asio::execution_context::fork_event) /usr/include/asio/detail/impl/signal_set_service.ipp 2 ['N/A', 'int'] 14 0 152 30 22 194 0 334 56
crow::TaggedRule ,std::__1::allocator >,long>::operator() (start_web_server()::$_0&&)::{lambda(crow::request&,crow::response&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >,long)#1}::operator()(crow::request&,crow::response&,std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >,long)const /src/crow/include/crow/routing.h 4 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'size_t'] 6 0 20 3 2 26 0 115 55

Implementing fuzzers that target the above functions will improve reachability such that it becomes:

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
71.0%
924 / 1303
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
78.0%
4505 / 5751

All functions overview

If you implement fuzzers for these functions, the status of all functions in the project will be:

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Files and Directories in report

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file Reached by Covered by
[] []
/usr/include/asio/io_context.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/socket_ops.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/scoped_lock.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/address_v6.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/atomic_count.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/scheduler.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/execution_context.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/completion_condition.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/execution_context.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/base_from_completion_cond.hpp [] []
/src/crow/tests/fuzz/template_fuzzer.cpp ['template_fuzzer'] ['template_fuzzer']
/usr/include/asio/detail/reactive_socket_send_op.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/basic_io_object.hpp [] []
/src/crow/tests/fuzz/request_fuzzer.cpp ['request_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/asio/signal_set.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/detail/endpoint.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/socket_holder.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/posix_mutex.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/middleware.h [] []
/usr/include/ctype.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/bind_handler.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/basic_waitable_timer.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/throw_exception.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/posix_mutex.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/posix_static_mutex.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/wait_handler.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/execution_context.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/socket_base.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/buffer.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/reactive_socket_service_base.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/signal_set_service.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/epoll_reactor.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/http_response.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/handler_work.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/tcp.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/noncopyable.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/epoll_reactor.ipp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/app.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/handler_continuation_hook.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/error.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/throw_error.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/basic_stream_socket.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/epoll_reactor.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/signal_handler.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/null_event.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/async_result.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/socket_option.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/service_registry.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/eventfd_select_interrupter.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/error.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/wait_traits.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/error_code.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/posix_signal_blocker.hpp [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/stdexcept [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/op_queue.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/address_v4.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/routing.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/eventfd_select_interrupter.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/http_connection.h [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/http_parser_merged.h [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/istream [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/reactive_socket_accept_op.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/handler_cont_helpers.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/keyword_tss_ptr.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/returnable.h ['template_fuzzer'] ['template_fuzzer']
/src/crow/include/crow/json.h ['template_fuzzer'] ['template_fuzzer']
/usr/include/asio/ip/impl/address_v4.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/signal_op.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/common.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/completion_handler.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/http_request.h [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/ci_map.h [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/parser.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/conditionally_enabled_mutex.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/null_event.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/service_registry.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/io_context.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/impl/address.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/io_context.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/impl/basic_endpoint.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/bad_address_cast.hpp [] []
/src/crow/tests/fuzz/b64_fuzzer.cpp ['b64_fuzzer'] ['b64_fuzzer']
/usr/include/asio/detail/posix_event.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/handler_alloc_hook.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/posix_event.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/impl/address_v6.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/object_pool.hpp [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/typeinfo [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/thread_group.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/http_server.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/timer_queue_base.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/logging.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/std_fenced_block.hpp [] []
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/byteswap.h ['request_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/asio/basic_socket.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/scheduler.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/posix_thread.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/write.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/address.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/timer_queue_set.ipp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/task_timer.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/handler_invoke_helpers.hpp [] []
/usr/include/stdlib.h [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/utility.h ['b64_fuzzer', 'template_fuzzer'] ['b64_fuzzer', 'template_fuzzer']
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__fwd/sstream.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/reactive_socket_recv_op.hpp [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__exception/exception_ptr.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/deadline_timer_service.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/posix_global.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/service_registry.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/handler_invoke_hook.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/tss_ptr.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/query_string.h [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/mustache.h ['template_fuzzer'] ['template_fuzzer']
/usr/include/asio/associated_allocator.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/scheduler_thread_info.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/conditionally_enabled_event.hpp [] []
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/stat.h [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__exception/exception.h ['b64_fuzzer', 'template_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/buffer_sequence_adapter.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/scoped_ptr.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/detail/impl/endpoint.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/basic_socket_acceptor.hpp [] []
/src/crow/include/crow/socket_adaptors.h [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/thread_info_base.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/throw_error.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/handler_alloc_helpers.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/scheduler_operation.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/basic_endpoint.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/reactive_socket_service_base.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/ip/impl/address.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/signal_set_service.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/wait_op.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/timer_queue.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/consuming_buffers.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/impl/system_context.ipp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/reactive_socket_service.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/call_stack.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/reactor_op.hpp [] []
/usr/include/asio/detail/chrono_time_traits.hpp [] []

Directories in report

Directory
/usr/include/asio/impl/
/src/crow/include/crow/
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/
/usr/include/asio/ip/detail/
/usr/include/asio/ip/impl/
/src/crow/tests/fuzz/
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__fwd/
/usr/include/asio/detail/
/usr/include/
/usr/include/asio/
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/bits/
/usr/include/asio/detail/impl/
/usr/include/asio/ip/
/usr/include/asio/ip/detail/impl/
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__exception/