Fuzz introspector
For issues and ideas: https://github.com/ossf/fuzz-introspector/issues

Fuzzer details

Fuzzer: fuzz_cloudtask_client

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 43 89.5%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 5 10.4%
All colors 48 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
23 24 google.auth.transport.mtls.default_client_cert_source call site: 00024 google.auth.credentials.Credentials.__init__
17 0 EP call site: 00000 google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.client.CloudTasksClient.__init__
2 21 google.auth.transport._mtls_helper._check_config_path call site: 00021 google.auth.transport.mtls.default_client_cert_source
1 18 google.auth.transport.mtls.has_default_client_cert_source call site: 00018 os.path.expanduser

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
232
Functions that are reachable but not covered
31
Reachable functions
34
Percentage of reachable functions covered
8.82%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...fuzz_cloudtask_client 6
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.client 18
google.api_core.client_options 4
google.auth.transport.mtls 2
google.auth.transport._mtls_helper 3
google.auth._default 1
google.auth.api_key 1
google.auth.credentials 2
google.auth._refresh_worker 1

Analyses and suggestions

Optimal target analysis

Remaining optimal interesting functions

The following table shows a list of functions that are optimal targets. Optimal targets are identified by finding the functions that in combination, yield a high code coverage.

Func name Functions filename Arg count Args Function depth hitcount instr count bb count cyclomatic complexity Reachable functions Incoming references total cyclomatic complexity Unreached complexity
google.oauth2._id_token_async.fetch_id_token google.oauth2._id_token_async 2 ['N/A', 'N/A'] 20 0 3 4 5 220 0 711 693
google.protobuf.text_format._Parser._MergeField google.protobuf.text_format 3 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A'] 9 0 18 23 12 210 9 704 671
google.api_core.operations_v1.transports.rest.OperationsRestTransport._list_operations google.api_core.operations_v1.transports.rest 6 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A'] 7 0 3 2 4 99 0 344 275
mock.mock._patch.__enter__ mock.mock 1 ['N/A'] 6 0 5 38 18 71 1 255 225
google.auth._default._get_explicit_environ_credentials google.auth._default 1 ['N/A'] 8 0 3 2 4 99 1 315 174
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.rest.CloudTasksRestTransport.__init__ google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.rest 12 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A'] 5 0 4 2 4 61 0 200 155
google.protobuf.text_format._Printer.PrintFieldValue google.protobuf.text_format 3 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A'] 11 0 14 12 8 193 14 647 152

Implementing fuzzers that target the above functions will improve reachability such that it becomes:

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
14.0%
388 / 2775
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
15.0%
1413 / 9180

All functions overview

If you implement fuzzers for these functions, the status of all functions in the project will be:

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Runtime coverage analysis

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name Function total lines Lines covered at runtime percentage covered Reached by fuzzers
os.environ.copy 40 7 17.5% []
google.protobuf.descriptor_pool.DescriptorPool._ConvertFileProtoToFileDescriptor 31 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.descriptor_pool.DescriptorPool._ConvertMessageDescriptor 31 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.descriptor_pool.DescriptorPool._SetFieldType 47 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.descriptor.Descriptor.__init__ 31 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.descriptor.MakeDescriptor 48 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.internal.api_implementation._CanImport 43 21 48.83% []
google.protobuf.internal.python_message._AddInitMethod.init 64 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.internal.python_message._AddMergeFromStringMethod.InternalParse 33 0 0.0% []
grpc.experimental.unary_unary 373 7 1.876% []
google.protobuf.internal.decoder.MessageSetItemDecoder.DecodeItem 36 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.text_format._Printer._PrintUnknownFields 35 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.text_format._Printer.PrintFieldValue 31 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.text_format._Parser._MergeField 73 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.text_format._Parser._MergeScalarField 37 0 0.0% []
google.protobuf.internal.well_known_types.Timestamp.FromJsonString 39 0 0.0% []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.async_client.CloudTasksAsyncClient 48 5 10.41% []
google.rpc.error_details_pb2 46 12 26.08% []
mock.mock._patch.__enter__ 101 0 0.0% []
mock.mock._Call.__eq__ 38 1 2.631% []
mock.mock.create_autospec 69 0 0.0% []

Files and Directories in report

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file Reached by Covered by
[] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.types [] []
google.api_core.extended_operation [] []
google.auth.transport._http_client [] []
collections [] []
google.api_core.retry.retry_unary [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.types.task [] []
google.protobuf.field_mask_pb2 [] []
google.oauth2._id_token_async [] []
google.api.error_reason_pb2 [] []
grpc_gcp [] []
google.longrunning.operations_pb2_grpc [] []
google.api_core.rest_streaming [] []
packaging [] []
google.api.backend_pb2 [] []
google.iam.v1.policy_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.internal.python_message [] []
google.protobuf.internal.well_known_types [] []
google.iam.v1.logging [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3 [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services [] []
google.api.quota_pb2 [] []
google.auth._credentials_base [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.types [] []
...fuzz_cloudtask_client ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
google.protobuf.internal [] []
google.rpc.code_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.grpc [] []
[] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.base [] []
google.protobuf.source_context_pb2 [] []
google.auth.transport.grpc [] []
google.protobuf.internal.enum_type_wrapper [] []
google.protobuf.any_pb2 [] []
posixpath [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks.transports.grpc [] []
google.cloud.tasks [] []
google.api.log_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.service_reflection [] []
json [] []
google.auth.pluggable [] []
random [] []
google.protobuf.json_format [] []
google.type.fraction_pb2 [] []
google.api.metric_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.tasks.gapic_version [] []
google.api.config_change_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.extended_operations_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.descriptor_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks.pagers [] []
google.api.http_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.location.locations_pb2 [] []
google.api.field_info_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.retry [] []
pyasn1_modules [] []
time [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.transports [] []
google.protobuf.unknown_fields [] []
google.protobuf.empty_pb2 [] []
google.auth.transport._custom_tls_signer [] []
google.auth.exceptions [] []
google.api.client_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.internal.field_mask [] []
google.api_core.timeout [] []
google.api.field_behavior_pb2 [] []
weakref [] []
google.auth._default ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
google.type.localized_text_pb2 [] []
mock.backports [] []
google.iam.v1 [] []
google.api_core.gapic_v1.method_async [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1.operations_client [] []
mock [] []
google.auth._credentials_async [] []
rsa [] []
google.auth.crypt._python_rsa [] []
google.auth._jwt_async [] []
google.api_core.iam [] []
asyncio [] []
google.api.billing_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.version [] []
google.protobuf.compiler [] []
google.auth.external_account [] []
google.api_core.bidi [] []
google.auth._default_async [] []
binascii [] []
google.auth.transport.mtls ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
google.api_core.grpc_helpers [] []
google.iam.v1.options_pb2_grpc [] []
google.iam.v1.iam_policy_pb2 [] []
google.auth._exponential_backoff [] []
google.oauth2._client [] []
google.api_core.path_template [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.rest [] []
google.api_core.operation [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1.transports.rest [] []
cachetools [] []
google.oauth2._reauth_async [] []
google.auth.transport.urllib3 [] []
google.auth._helpers [] []
requests [] []
google.protobuf.text_format [] []
google.auth.iam [] []
google.type.postal_address_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.rest [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.types.queue [] []
google.protobuf.reflection [] []
google.auth.aws [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks [] []
google.protobuf.internal.message_listener [] []
google.api_core.future [] []
google.oauth2.id_token [] []
google.api.consumer_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.gapic_v1 [] []
io [] []
google.api.httpbody_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.gapic_v1.client_info [] []
typing_extensions [] []
google.api.monitoring_pb2 [] []
urllib [] []
google.api_core.page_iterator_async [] []
google.auth.transport._mtls_helper ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.types.queue [] []
google.type.datetime_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.future.base [] []
google.auth.crypt.rsa [] []
google.api.visibility_pb2 [] []
struct [] []
cryptography [] []
google.protobuf.api_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks.client [] []
google.auth.transport._aiohttp_requests [] []
google.api.source_info_pb2 [] []
google.api.annotations_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.testdata [] []
google.rpc.context.attribute_context_pb2 [] []
math [] []
google.protobuf.internal._parameterized [] []
calendar [] []
google.auth.app_engine [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks.async_client [] []
google.api_core.gapic_v1.method [] []
getpass [] []
google.api_core [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.grpc [] []
platform [] []
google.protobuf.internal.python_edition_defaults [] []
google.protobuf.internal.containers [] []
google.auth.identity_pool [] []
google.api_core.operation_async [] []
google.type.month_pb2 [] []
google.auth._refresh_worker ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
google.auth.crypt._helpers [] []
google.api.routing_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.universe [] []
google.protobuf.proto [] []
google.auth.api_key ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
google.api_core.future._helpers [] []
google.protobuf.symbol_database [] []
google.protobuf.descriptor_pool [] []
google.auth.aio [] []
google.auth.compute_engine.credentials [] []
google.auth.crypt._cryptography_rsa [] []
google.protobuf.internal.type_checkers [] []
google.rpc.http_pb2 [] []
google.longrunning.operations_pb2 [] []
google.auth._oauth2client [] []
http [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks.client [] []
importlib [] []
google.auth.transport._requests_base [] []
grpc_status [] []
google.api.label_pb2 [] []
google.iam.v1.logging.audit_data_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks.transports.grpc_asyncio [] []
google.type.calendar_period_pb2 [] []
google.type.expr_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.type_pb2 [] []
google.auth.crypt [] []
datetime [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.types.cloudtasks [] []
pprint [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks.transports.rest [] []
google.type.phone_number_pb2 [] []
google.longrunning.operations_grpc [] []
google.api_core.retry_async [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1.abstract_operations_client [] []
logging [] []
warnings [] []
google.protobuf.timestamp_pb2 [] []
google.api.documentation_pb2 [] []
base64 [] []
google.protobuf.proto_builder [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.types.cloudtasks [] []
google.api_core.client_options ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
google.auth.impersonated_credentials [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.types.task [] []
unittest [] []
google.protobuf.compiler.plugin_pb2 [] []
google.longrunning.operations_proto_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.internal.testing_refleaks [] []
google.api.launch_stage_pb2 [] []
google.oauth2.utils [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks.transports [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.gapic_version [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks.transports [] []
google.type.dayofweek_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.duration_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.grpc_helpers_async [] []
google.type.date_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.text_encoding [] []
google.api_core.gapic_v1.config [] []
google.auth.crypt.base [] []
email [] []
google.api.resource_pb2 [] []
google.iam.v1.policy_pb2_grpc [] []
google.iam.v1.options_pb2 [] []
google.rpc.context.audit_context_pb2 [] []
google.oauth2 [] []
google.auth._service_account_info [] []
google [] []
google.protobuf.message [] []
google.api.logging_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.internal.encoder [] []
google.api_core.version_header [] []
google.api_core.future.polling [] []
google.type.money_pb2 [] []
google.auth.metrics [] []
google.auth.downscoped [] []
google.protobuf.message_factory [] []
google.api_core.exceptions [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.types.cloudtasks [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2 [] []
google.oauth2.challenges [] []
google.auth.crypt.es256 [] []
google.auth.compute_engine._metadata [] []
inspect [] []
google.protobuf.internal.extension_dict [] []
operator [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2 [] []
google.api_core.retry.retry_base [] []
google.protobuf.runtime_version [] []
google.protobuf.internal.wire_format [] []
grpc [] []
google.type.interval_pb2 [] []
google.oauth2.credentials [] []
typing [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services [] []
google.auth.credentials ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
google.protobuf [] []
google.api.usage_pb2 [] []
google.oauth2.webauthn_handler [] []
google.type.decimal_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.retry.retry_streaming_async [] []
google.auth [] []
OpenSSL [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.pagers [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks [] []
google.protobuf.struct_pb2 [] []
google.oauth2._client_async [] []
google.auth.transport [] []
google.rpc.error_details_pb2 [] []
google.auth.environment_vars [] []
google.type.quaternion_pb2 [] []
copyreg [] []
uuid [] []
google.api_core.future.async_future [] []
google.logging.type.http_request_pb2 [] []
certifi [] []
google.protobuf.pyext [] []
google.auth.transport.requests [] []
google.protobuf.wrappers_pb2 [] []
google.logging.type.log_severity_pb2 [] []
google.auth.compute_engine [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1.pagers [] []
google.api_core.datetime_helpers [] []
google.oauth2._service_account_async [] []
copy [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1.transports [] []
google.api.endpoint_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1.operations_async_client [] []
google.api_core.gapic_v1.config_async [] []
google.protobuf.util [] []
functools [] []
cffi [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.types.target [] []
google.rpc.status_pb2 [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1.operations_client_config [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.gapic_version [] []
google.protobuf.internal.api_implementation [] []
google.api_core.protobuf_helpers [] []
os [] []
google.auth.aio.credentials [] []
google.protobuf.descriptor [] []
google.auth._cloud_sdk [] []
google.protobuf.service [] []
google.oauth2.service_account [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.types.queue [] []
google.api.monitored_resource_pb2 [] []
google.api.distribution_pb2 [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.types.target [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.base [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.client ['fuzz_cloudtask_client'] []
queue [] []
google.oauth2.sts [] []
re [] []
google.oauth2.webauthn_types [] []
pyasn1 [] []
hmac [] []
google.longrunning.operations_proto [] []
google.auth.external_account_authorized_user [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.types.task [] []
mock.mock [] []
google.gapic.metadata.gapic_metadata_pb2 [] []
aiohttp [] []
google.api_core.gapic_v1.routing_header [] []
google.api_core.rest_helpers [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1 [] []
threading [] []
google.api.context_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.descriptor_database [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.grpc_asyncio [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.types [] []
google.type.latlng_pb2 [] []
google.api.control_pb2 [] []
google.auth.version [] []
google.api_core.operations_v1.transports.base [] []
proto [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks.transports.grpc_asyncio [] []
google.protobuf.internal.decoder [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services [] []
google.api_core.retry.retry_streaming [] []
google.auth.jwt [] []
google.longrunning.operations_grpc_pb2 [] []
urllib3 [] []
google.api.policy_pb2 [] []
subprocess [] []
sys [] []
google.api_core.retry.retry_unary_async [] []
atheris [] []
google.api_core.page_iterator [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks.pagers [] []
google.api.system_parameter_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.pyext.cpp_message [] []
google.api_core.general_helpers [] []
ctypes [] []
google.protobuf.internal.builder [] []
google.oauth2._credentials_async [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.services.cloud_tasks.async_client [] []
hashlib [] []
google.oauth2.reauth [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.services.cloud_tasks.transports.base [] []
google.oauth2.webauthn_handler_factory [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta3.types.target [] []
google.oauth2.gdch_credentials [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2beta2.types.old_target [] []
gc [] []
google.api_core.client_info [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.gapic_version [] []
google.cloud.tasks_v2.services.cloud_tasks.async_client [] []
google.api.auth_pb2 [] []
google.protobuf.proto_json [] []
contextlib [] []
google.iam.v1.iam_policy_pb2_grpc [] []
google.type.timeofday_pb2 [] []
google.type.color_pb2 [] []
google.api.service_pb2 [] []

Directories in report

Directory