Fuzz introspector
For issues and ideas: https://github.com/ossf/fuzz-introspector/issues
Report generation date: 2025-07-09

Project overview: gitpython

High level conclusions

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
9.0%
56 / 658
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
10.0%
235 / 2321
Runtime code coverage of functions
51.0%
335 / 658

Warning: The number of runtime covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that Fuzz Introspector found there are more functions covered at runtime than what is considered reachable based on the static analysis. This is a limitation in the analysis as anything covered at runtime is by definition reachable by the fuzzers.
This is likely due to a limitation in the static analysis. In this case, the count of functions covered at runtime is the true value, which means this is what should be considered "achieved" by the fuzzer.

Use the project functions table below to query all functions that were not covered at runtime.

Project functions overview

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Runtime reached by Fuzzers Combined reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer details

Fuzzer: fuzz_submodule

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 128 57.6%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 94 42.3%
All colors 222 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
44 177 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00177 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
34 22 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00022 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 101 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00101 git.config.get_config_path
6 73 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00073 os.path.join
6 143 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00143 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
3 94 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00094 git.types.assert_never
3 137 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00137 os.path.dirname
3 167 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00167 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
2 82 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00082 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path
2 126 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00126 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 p.resolve
1 11 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00011 os.makedirs

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
388
Functions that are reachable but not covered
90
Reachable functions
113
Percentage of reachable functions covered
20.35%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule 32
git.repo.base 37
git.util 36
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_repo

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 129 55.8%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 102 44.1%
All colors 231 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
44 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 typing.IO.resolve
34 65 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00065 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 144 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00144 git.config.get_config_path
6 116 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00116 os.path.join
6 186 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00186 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
5 205 git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__ call site: 00205 git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__
3 137 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00137 git.types.assert_never
3 180 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00180 os.path.dirname
2 125 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00125 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path
2 169 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00169 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 0 EP call site: 00000 atheris.FuzzedDataProvider
1 54 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00054 os.makedirs

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
120
Reachable functions
146
Percentage of reachable functions covered
17.81%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo 15
git.repo.base 37
git.util 79
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1
git.objects.tree 2
git.objects.fun 4
git.compat 2

Fuzzer: fuzz_blob

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 130 59.0%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 90 40.9%
All colors 220 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
50 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 datetime.timedelta.head.commit.resolve
34 71 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00071 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 150 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00150 git.config.get_config_path
6 122 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00122 os.path.join
6 192 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00192 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
3 143 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00143 git.types.assert_never
3 186 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00186 os.path.dirname
2 131 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00131 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path
2 175 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00175 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 60 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00060 os.makedirs
1 67 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00067 os.getcwd
1 107 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00107 .str

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
117
Reachable functions
140
Percentage of reachable functions covered
16.43%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob 9
git.repo.base 37
git.util 85
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_config

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 18 16.6%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 90 83.3%
All colors 108 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
13 81 git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths call site: 00081 git.config.GitConfigParser.items
3 99 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00099 os.path.isabs
1 1 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config.TestOneInput call site: 00001 git.config.GitConfigParser.read
1 106 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00106 .str

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
388
Functions that are reachable but not covered
84
Reachable functions
91
Percentage of reachable functions covered
7.69%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config 3
git.config 88

Fuzzer: fuzz_diff

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 583 73.8%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 206 26.1%
All colors 789 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
403 153 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00153 git.diff.Diff._index_from_patch_format
163 625 git.util.finalize_process call site: 00625 git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line
7 134 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__ call site: 00134 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__
5 144 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00144 fdp.ConsumeBytes
3 128 git.diff.Diff.__init__ call site: 00128 a_rawpath.decode
1 70 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00070 git.diff.Diff.__init__
1 109 git.objects.util.mode_str_to_int call site: 00109 io.BytesIO

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
476
Reachable functions
487
Percentage of reachable functions covered
2.26%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff 150
git.diff 87
git.objects.util 51
git.objects.base 1
git.cmd 196
git.util 151

Fuzz engine guidance

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_submodule.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_repo.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.util.expand_path', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_blob.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.util.expand_path', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.init']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_config.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.read', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config.TestOneInput']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_diff.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput', 'git.util.finalize_process', 'git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__', 'git.diff.Diff.__init__', 'git.objects.util.mode_str_to_int']

Runtime coverage analysis

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name Function total lines Lines covered at runtime percentage covered Reached by fuzzers
s.encode 67 32 47.76% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.repo.base.Repo.blame_incremental 39 0 0.0% []
git.repo.base.Repo.blame 75 0 0.0% []
repo.git.read_tree 39 17 43.58% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
submodule.module_exists 64 29 45.31% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.index 39 20 51.28% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.cmd.handle_process_output.pump_stream 51 2 3.921% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.cmd.Git.refresh 35 12 34.28% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.cmd.Git.execute.communicate 34 16 47.05% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.remote.PushInfo._from_line 32 0 0.0% []
git.remote.FetchInfo._from_line 56 0 0.0% []
git.remote.Remote._get_fetch_info_from_stderr 39 0 0.0% []
git.util.RemoteProgress._parse_progress_line 44 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.objects.commit.Commit._deserialize 55 28 50.90% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.add 56 30 53.57% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.update 94 13 13.82% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.move 49 0 0.0% []
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.remove 60 0 0.0% []
git.objects.util.parse_date 46 2 4.347% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.repo.fun.rev_parse 100 22 22.0% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
ref.set_reference 45 10 22.22% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.root.RootModule.update 104 0 0.0% []
stream.close 300 141 47.0% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob']
buf.find 70 16 22.85% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.index.base.IndexFile.checkout.handle_stderr 49 0 0.0% []
f.readline 56 20 35.71% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.diff.Diffable.diff 39 5 12.82% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.diff.Diff.__str__ 33 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line 39 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.index.fun.aggressive_tree_merge 36 0 0.0% []

Files and Directories in report

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file Reached by Covered by
[] []
inspect [] []
git.refs.remote [] []
weakref [] []
contextlib [] []
functools [] []
struct [] []
git.objects.submodule [] []
re [] []
utils [] []
time [] []
git.repo [] []
warnings [] []
git.objects.submodule.util [] []
platform [] []
git.repo.fun ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob'] []
git.db ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob'] []
threading [] []
[] []
shutil [] []
git.index [] []
git.refs.log [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo ['fuzz_repo'] []
git.objects.blob [] []
git.refs.tag [] []
pathlib [] []
io [] []
atheris [] []
git.exc [] []
getpass [] []
git.objects.submodule.base [] []
git.refs.symbolic [] []
git.config ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_config'] []
subprocess [] []
git.objects [] []
logging [] []
git.objects.tree ['fuzz_repo'] []
calendar [] []
git.index.typ [] []
locale [] []
datetime [] []
gitdb [] []
git.refs.head [] []
gc [] []
fnmatch [] []
git.objects.tag [] []
git.index.util [] []
git.remote [] []
git.refs [] []
git.objects.submodule.root [] []
git.diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob ['fuzz_blob'] []
configparser [] []
stat [] []
sys [] []
typing [] []
uuid [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
collections [] []
git.index.fun [] []
git.index.base [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config ['fuzz_config'] []
urllib [] []
git.repo.base ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob'] []
tempfile [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule ['fuzz_submodule'] []
git.compat ['fuzz_repo'] []
git.objects.fun ['fuzz_repo'] []
git [] []
shlex [] []
glob [] []
os [] []
itertools [] []
git.refs.reference [] []
typing_extensions [] []
git.types [] []
git.cmd ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff'] []
git.objects.commit [] []
enum [] []
git.objects.util ['fuzz_diff'] []
git.util ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff'] []
binascii [] []
mimetypes [] []
importlib [] []
textwrap [] []
git.objects.base ['fuzz_diff'] []

Directories in report

Directory