Fuzz introspector
For issues and ideas: https://github.com/ossf/fuzz-introspector/issues
Report generation date: 2025-07-11

Project overview: gitpython

High level conclusions

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
10.0%
68 / 660
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
13.0%
291 / 2327
Runtime code coverage of functions
51.0%
337 / 660

Warning: The number of runtime covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that Fuzz Introspector found there are more functions covered at runtime than what is considered reachable based on the static analysis. This is a limitation in the analysis as anything covered at runtime is by definition reachable by the fuzzers.
This is likely due to a limitation in the static analysis. In this case, the count of functions covered at runtime is the true value, which means this is what should be considered "achieved" by the fuzzer.

Use the project functions table below to query all functions that were not covered at runtime.

Project functions overview

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Runtime reached by Fuzzers Combined reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer details

Fuzzer: fuzz_repo

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 117 53.4%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 102 46.5%
All colors 219 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
34 53 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00053 git.util._is_cygwin_git
32 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 typing.BinaryIO.tree.head.commit.object.resolve
14 132 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00132 git.config.get_config_path
6 104 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00104 os.path.join
6 174 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00174 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
5 193 git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__ call site: 00193 git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__
3 125 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00125 git.types.assert_never
3 168 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00168 os.path.dirname
2 113 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00113 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path
2 157 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00157 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 0 EP call site: 00000 atheris.FuzzedDataProvider
1 42 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00042 os.makedirs

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
107
Reachable functions
134
Percentage of reachable functions covered
20.15%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo 15
git.repo.base 37
git.util 67
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1
git.objects.tree 2
git.objects.fun 4
git.compat 2

Fuzzer: fuzz_config

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 19 18.4%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 84 81.5%
All colors 103 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
13 75 git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths call site: 00075 git.config.GitConfigParser.items
4 93 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00093 typing.cast
1 1 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config.TestOneInput call site: 00001 git.config.GitConfigParser.read
1 101 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00101 .str

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
388
Functions that are reachable but not covered
77
Reachable functions
84
Percentage of reachable functions covered
8.33%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config 3
git.config 81

Fuzzer: fuzz_submodule

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 191 67.0%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 94 32.9%
All colors 285 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
64 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 datetime.timedelta.resolve
44 240 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00240 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
34 85 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00085 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 164 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00164 git.config.get_config_path
6 136 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00136 os.path.join
6 206 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00206 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
3 157 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00157 git.types.assert_never
3 200 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00200 os.path.dirname
3 230 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00230 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
2 145 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00145 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path
2 189 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00189 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 74 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00074 os.makedirs

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
388
Functions that are reachable but not covered
153
Reachable functions
176
Percentage of reachable functions covered
13.07%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule 32
git.repo.base 37
git.util 99
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_diff

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 454 71.7%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 179 28.2%
All colors 633 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
306 121 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00121 git.diff.Diff._index_from_patch_format
131 501 git.util.finalize_process call site: 00501 git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line
7 102 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__ call site: 00102 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__
5 112 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00112 fdp.ConsumeBytes
3 96 git.diff.Diff.__init__ call site: 00096 a_rawpath.decode
1 75 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00075 git.diff.Diff.__init__
1 84 git.objects.util.mode_str_to_int call site: 00084 io.BytesIO

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
507
Reachable functions
516
Percentage of reachable functions covered
1.74%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff 160
git.diff 50
git.objects.util 14
git.objects.base 1
git.cmd 169
git.util 160

Fuzzer: fuzz_blob

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 1643 69.2%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 731 30.7%
All colors 2374 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
703 1079 git.repo.fun.rev_parse call site: 01079 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
135 123 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00123 git.util._is_cygwin_git
120 1984 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 01984 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
110 750 git.repo.fun.name_to_object call site: 00750 git.repo.fun.short_to_long
109 969 git.repo.fun.name_to_object call site: 00969 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
109 1871 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 01871 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
108 2258 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 02258 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
102 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 datetime.timedelta.tree.object.resolve
78 1783 git.repo.fun.rev_parse call site: 01783 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
29 284 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00284 git.refs.tag.TagReference.object
6 275 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00275 os.path.join
6 2132 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 02132 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
1060
Reachable functions
1093
Percentage of reachable functions covered
3.02%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob 9
git.repo.base 142
git.util 238
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 607
git.refs.tag 1
git.refs.symbolic 104
git.objects.base 213
git.objects.tag 1
git.objects.tree 1
git.objects.commit 3
git.config 121
git.db 1

Fuzz engine guidance

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_repo.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.util.expand_path', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_config.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.read', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config.TestOneInput']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_submodule.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.util.expand_path', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_diff.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput', 'git.util.finalize_process', 'git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__', 'git.diff.Diff.__init__', 'git.objects.util.mode_str_to_int']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_blob.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.repo.fun.rev_parse', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.name_to_object', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.util.expand_path']

Runtime coverage analysis

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name Function total lines Lines covered at runtime percentage covered Reached by fuzzers
git.repo.base.Repo.blame_incremental 39 0 0.0% []
git.repo.base.Repo.blame 75 0 0.0% []
f.readline 56 20 35.71% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
repo.git.read_tree 39 17 43.58% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.index 39 20 51.28% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff']
git.cmd.handle_process_output.pump_stream 51 2 3.921% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.cmd.Git.refresh 35 12 34.28% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.cmd.Git.execute.communicate 34 16 47.05% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.remote.PushInfo._from_line 32 0 0.0% []
git.remote.FetchInfo._from_line 56 0 0.0% []
git.remote.Remote._get_fetch_info_from_stderr 39 0 0.0% []
s.encode 67 32 47.76% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.util.RemoteProgress._parse_progress_line 44 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
stream.read 300 141 47.0% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff']
git.objects.util.parse_date 46 2 4.347% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.commit.Commit._deserialize 55 28 50.90% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.add 56 30 53.57% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.update 94 13 13.82% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.move 49 0 0.0% []
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.remove 60 0 0.0% []
submodule.module 64 29 45.31% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.repo.fun.rev_parse 100 22 22.0% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.index.base.IndexFile.checkout.handle_stderr 49 0 0.0% []
buf.find 70 16 22.85% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.diff.Diffable.diff 39 5 12.82% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.diff.Diff.__str__ 33 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line 39 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.objects.submodule.root.RootModule.update 104 0 0.0% []
git.index.fun.aggressive_tree_merge 36 0 0.0% []
ref.set_reference 45 10 22.22% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule']

Files and Directories in report

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file Reached by Covered by
[] []
git.repo.base ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob'] []
git.repo.fun ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob'] []
gc [] []
utils [] []
functools [] []
git.diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
inspect [] []
git.refs.log [] []
git.index.fun [] []
shutil [] []
pathlib [] []
struct [] []
enum [] []
git.objects.submodule.root [] []
git.objects.fun ['fuzz_repo'] []
git.remote [] []
io [] []
git.db ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob'] []
binascii [] []
weakref [] []
os [] []
typing [] []
git.objects.tree ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob'] []
git.util ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob'] []
fnmatch [] []
git.refs.symbolic ['fuzz_blob'] []
tempfile [] []
logging [] []
typing_extensions [] []
git.objects.blob [] []
git.refs.remote [] []
uuid [] []
git.types [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule ['fuzz_submodule'] []
atheris [] []
glob [] []
contextlib [] []
git.objects.submodule.base [] []
git.objects.commit ['fuzz_blob'] []
git.refs.head [] []
git.objects [] []
gitdb [] []
mimetypes [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob ['fuzz_blob'] []
time [] []
git.exc [] []
subprocess [] []
git.objects.submodule.util [] []
git.config ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob'] []
datetime [] []
calendar [] []
re [] []
textwrap [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo ['fuzz_repo'] []
git.compat ['fuzz_repo'] []
git.objects.submodule [] []
platform [] []
git.objects.tag ['fuzz_blob'] []
[] []
git.objects.util ['fuzz_diff'] []
shlex [] []
git.index [] []
git.refs [] []
getpass [] []
git [] []
itertools [] []
warnings [] []
collections [] []
git.index.util [] []
sys [] []
urllib [] []
importlib [] []
configparser [] []
threading [] []
git.index.base [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config ['fuzz_config'] []
git.repo [] []
git.index.typ [] []
git.cmd ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob'] []
git.objects.base ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob'] []
git.refs.tag ['fuzz_blob'] []
git.refs.reference [] []
stat [] []
locale [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff ['fuzz_diff'] []

Directories in report

Directory