Fuzz introspector
For issues and ideas: https://github.com/ossf/fuzz-introspector/issues
Report generation date: 2025-10-10

Project overview: gitpython

High level conclusions

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
8.0%
53 / 661
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
10.0%
226 / 2331
Runtime code coverage of functions
56.0%
370 / 661

Warning: The number of runtime covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that Fuzz Introspector found there are more functions covered at runtime than what is considered reachable based on the static analysis. This is a limitation in the analysis as anything covered at runtime is by definition reachable by the fuzzers.
This is likely due to a limitation in the static analysis. In this case, the count of functions covered at runtime is the true value, which means this is what should be considered "achieved" by the fuzzer.

Use the project functions table below to query all functions that were not covered at runtime.

Project functions overview

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Runtime reached by Fuzzers Combined reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer details

Fuzzer: fuzz_diff

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 200 57.8%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 146 42.1%
All colors 346 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
34 22 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00022 git.util._is_cygwin_git
25 295 git.util.finalize_process call site: 00295 git.diff.Diff.__init__
24 321 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.BytesProcessAdapter.__init__ call site: 00321 git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line
22 199 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00199 git.diff.Diff._index_from_patch_format
18 235 git.cmd.handle_process_output call site: 00235 git.util.RemoteProgress.new_message_handler.handler
14 101 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00101 git.config.get_config_path
11 270 git.util.RemoteProgress._parse_progress_line call site: 00270 git.util.finalize_process
8 179 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__ call site: 00179 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__
6 73 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00073 os.path.join
6 143 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00143 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
5 190 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00190 fdp.ConsumeBytes
3 94 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00094 git.types.assert_never

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
423
Functions that are reachable but not covered
161
Reachable functions
196
Percentage of reachable functions covered
17.86%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff 15
git.repo.base 37
git.util 72
git.cmd 30
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1
git.diff 41
git.objects.util 4
git.objects.base 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_blob

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 125 57.3%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 93 42.6%
All colors 218 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
48 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 subprocess.Popen.head.commit.object.tree.resolve
34 69 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00069 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 148 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00148 git.config.get_config_path
6 120 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00120 os.path.join
6 190 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00190 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
3 141 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00141 git.types.assert_never
2 129 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00129 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path
2 173 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00173 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 58 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00058 os.makedirs
1 65 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00065 os.getcwd
1 105 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00105 .str
1 107 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00107 warnings.warn

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
423
Functions that are reachable but not covered
115
Reachable functions
138
Percentage of reachable functions covered
16.67%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob 9
git.repo.base 37
git.util 83
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_submodule

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 188 65.9%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 97 34.0%
All colors 285 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
64 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 git.cmd.Popen.object.head.commit.tree.resolve
44 240 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00240 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
34 85 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00085 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 164 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00164 git.config.get_config_path
6 136 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00136 os.path.join
6 206 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00206 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
3 157 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00157 git.types.assert_never
3 230 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00230 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
2 145 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00145 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path
2 189 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00189 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 74 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00074 os.makedirs
1 81 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00081 os.getcwd

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
422
Functions that are reachable but not covered
153
Reachable functions
176
Percentage of reachable functions covered
13.07%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule 32
git.repo.base 37
git.util 99
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_config

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 21 12.2%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 151 87.7%
All colors 172 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
15 142 git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths call site: 00142 git.config.GitConfigParser.items
4 162 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00162 typing.cast
1 1 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config.TestOneInput call site: 00001 git.config.GitConfigParser.read
1 170 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00170 .str

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
422
Functions that are reachable but not covered
144
Reachable functions
151
Percentage of reachable functions covered
4.64%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config 3
git.config 148

Fuzzer: fuzz_repo

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 5 2.17%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 225 97.8%
All colors 230 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
4 142 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo.TestOneInput call site: 00142 os.path.join
1 0 EP call site: 00000 atheris.FuzzedDataProvider

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
423
Functions that are reachable but not covered
222
Reachable functions
226
Percentage of reachable functions covered
1.77%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo 154
git.objects.tree 2
git.objects.fun 4
git.compat 65

Fuzz engine guidance

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_diff.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.util.finalize_process', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.BytesProcessAdapter.__init__', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput', 'git.cmd.handle_process_output', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.util.RemoteProgress._parse_progress_line', 'git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_blob.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.util.expand_path', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.base.Repo.init']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_submodule.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.util.expand_path', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_config.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.read', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config.TestOneInput']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_repo.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo.TestOneInput']

Runtime coverage analysis

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name Function total lines Lines covered at runtime percentage covered Reached by fuzzers
git.repo.base.Repo.blame_incremental 39 0 0.0% []
git.repo.base.Repo.blame 75 0 0.0% []
git.diff.Diffable.diff 39 5 12.82% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.diff.Diff.__str__ 33 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line 39 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.index 39 20 51.28% ['fuzz_diff']
git.cmd.handle_process_output.pump_stream 51 28 54.90% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.cmd.Git.refresh 35 12 34.28% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.cmd.Git.execute.communicate 34 16 47.05% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.remote.PushInfo._from_line 32 0 0.0% []
git.util.RemoteProgress._parse_progress_line 44 12 27.27% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.commit.Commit._deserialize 55 28 50.90% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.add 56 30 53.57% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.update 97 46 47.42% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.move 49 0 0.0% []
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.remove 60 10 16.66% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
repo.git.read_tree 39 17 43.58% ['fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths 33 8 24.24% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
stream.read 300 141 47.0% ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.repo.fun.rev_parse 100 40 40.0% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.index.base.IndexFile.checkout.handle_stderr 49 0 0.0% []
f.readline 56 20 35.71% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
s.encode 67 32 47.76% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.util.parse_date 46 9 19.56% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
buf.find 70 16 22.85% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.objects.submodule.root.RootModule.update 104 26 25.0% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']
git.index.fun.aggressive_tree_merge 36 0 0.0% []
ref.set_reference 45 10 22.22% ['fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule']

Files and Directories in report

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file Reached by Covered by
[] []
git.objects.submodule [] []
git.db ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
typing [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
git.objects.base ['fuzz_diff'] []
collections [] []
git.objects.tree ['fuzz_repo'] []
warnings [] []
typing_extensions [] []
git.types [] []
git.objects.fun ['fuzz_repo'] []
git.refs.remote [] []
re [] []
git.diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config ['fuzz_config'] []
gitdb [] []
git.index.base [] []
time [] []
subprocess [] []
tempfile [] []
sys [] []
weakref [] []
git.index.util [] []
threading [] []
git.compat ['fuzz_repo'] []
git.refs.log [] []
binascii [] []
git.objects.submodule.base [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule ['fuzz_submodule'] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo ['fuzz_repo'] []
inspect [] []
contextlib [] []
git.objects.blob [] []
getpass [] []
git.refs.reference [] []
mimetypes [] []
git.cmd ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
platform [] []
git [] []
git.util ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
git.objects.submodule.root [] []
configparser [] []
git.refs.symbolic [] []
pathlib [] []
logging [] []
functools [] []
git.index [] []
struct [] []
uuid [] []
shutil [] []
enum [] []
utils [] []
git.config ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_config'] []
urllib [] []
textwrap [] []
git.repo.fun ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
git.objects.util ['fuzz_diff'] []
git.repo.base ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
git.objects.submodule.util [] []
atheris [] []
git.exc [] []
stat [] []
git.refs.tag [] []
git.refs [] []
fnmatch [] []
calendar [] []
git.refs.head [] []
glob [] []
datetime [] []
git.objects [] []
io [] []
git.objects.commit [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob ['fuzz_blob'] []
importlib [] []
gc [] []
git.index.typ [] []
git.remote [] []
[] []
git.objects.tag [] []
locale [] []
itertools [] []
git.repo [] []
os [] []
git.index.fun [] []
shlex [] []

Directories in report

Directory