Fuzz introspector
For issues and ideas: https://github.com/ossf/fuzz-introspector/issues
Report generation date: 2025-10-28

Project overview: gitpython

High level conclusions

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
9.0%
62 / 658
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
11.0%
267 / 2322
Runtime code coverage of functions
51.0%
335 / 658

Warning: The number of runtime covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that Fuzz Introspector found there are more functions covered at runtime than what is considered reachable based on the static analysis. This is a limitation in the analysis as anything covered at runtime is by definition reachable by the fuzzers.
This is likely due to a limitation in the static analysis. In this case, the count of functions covered at runtime is the true value, which means this is what should be considered "achieved" by the fuzzer.

Use the project functions table below to query all functions that were not covered at runtime.

Project functions overview

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Runtime reached by Fuzzers Combined reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer details

Fuzzer: fuzz_submodule

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 169 64.2%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 94 35.7%
All colors 263 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
44 218 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00218 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
42 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 typing.cast.object.tree.head.commit.resolve
34 63 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00063 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 142 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00142 git.config.get_config_path
6 114 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00114 os.path.join
6 184 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00184 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
3 135 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00135 git.types.assert_never
3 178 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00178 os.path.dirname
3 208 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00208 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
2 123 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00123 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path
2 167 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00167 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 52 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00052 os.makedirs

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
388
Functions that are reachable but not covered
131
Reachable functions
154
Percentage of reachable functions covered
14.94%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule 32
git.repo.base 37
git.util 77
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_diff

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 239 63.7%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 136 36.2%
All colors 375 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
61 230 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00230 git.diff.Diff._index_from_patch_format
34 53 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00053 git.util._is_cygwin_git
32 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 typing.IO.tree.head.commit.object.resolve
25 324 git.util.finalize_process call site: 00324 git.diff.Diff.__init__
24 350 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.BytesProcessAdapter.__init__ call site: 00350 git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line
14 132 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00132 git.config.get_config_path
8 210 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__ call site: 00210 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__
6 104 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00104 os.path.join
6 174 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00174 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
5 221 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00221 fdp.ConsumeBytes
3 125 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00125 git.types.assert_never
3 168 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00168 os.path.dirname

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
190
Reachable functions
224
Percentage of reachable functions covered
15.18%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff 15
git.repo.base 37
git.util 113
git.cmd 18
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1
git.diff 41
git.objects.util 4
git.objects.base 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_config

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 21 27.2%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 56 72.7%
All colors 77 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
15 47 git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths call site: 00047 git.config.GitConfigParser.items
4 67 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00067 typing.cast
1 1 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config.TestOneInput call site: 00001 git.config.GitConfigParser.read
1 75 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00075 .str

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
388
Functions that are reachable but not covered
49
Reachable functions
56
Percentage of reachable functions covered
12.5%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config 3
git.config 53

Fuzzer: fuzz_blob

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 1138 76.7%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 345 23.2%
All colors 1483 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
456 549 git.repo.fun.rev_parse call site: 00549 git.repo.base.Repo.tree
108 1367 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 01367 git.repo.base.Repo.tree
102 90 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00090 git.util._is_cygwin_git
84 1127 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 01127 git.repo.base.Repo.tree
74 331 git.repo.fun.name_to_object call site: 00331 git.repo.fun.short_to_long
73 1050 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 01050 git.repo.base.Repo.tree
71 477 git.repo.fun.name_to_object call site: 00477 git.repo.base.Repo.tree
69 5 git.util.expand_path call site: 00005 typing.IO.tree.resolve
40 218 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00218 git.repo.base.Repo.tree
34 1006 git.repo.fun.rev_parse call site: 01006 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
6 209 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00209 os.path.join
6 1239 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 01239 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
616
Reachable functions
643
Percentage of reachable functions covered
4.2%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob 9
git.repo.base 142
git.util 172
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 402
git.config 85
git.db 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_repo

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 5 3.24%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 149 96.7%
All colors 154 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
4 66 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo.TestOneInput call site: 00066 os.path.join
1 0 EP call site: 00000 atheris.FuzzedDataProvider

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
389
Functions that are reachable but not covered
146
Reachable functions
150
Percentage of reachable functions covered
2.67%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo 78
git.objects.tree 2
git.objects.fun 4
git.compat 65

Fuzz engine guidance

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_submodule.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput', 'git.util.expand_path', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_diff.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.util.expand_path', 'git.util.finalize_process', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.BytesProcessAdapter.__init__', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_config.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.read', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config.TestOneInput']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_blob.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.repo.fun.rev_parse', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.name_to_object', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.util.expand_path']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_repo.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo.TestOneInput']

Runtime coverage analysis

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name Function total lines Lines covered at runtime percentage covered Reached by fuzzers
s.encode 67 32 47.76% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.repo.base.Repo.blame_incremental 39 0 0.0% []
git.repo.base.Repo.blame 75 0 0.0% []
repo.git.read_tree 39 17 43.58% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
submodule.module_exists 64 29 45.31% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.index 39 20 51.28% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.cmd.handle_process_output.pump_stream 51 2 3.921% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.cmd.Git.refresh 35 12 34.28% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.cmd.Git.execute.communicate 34 16 47.05% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.remote.PushInfo._from_line 32 0 0.0% []
git.remote.FetchInfo._from_line 56 0 0.0% []
git.remote.Remote._get_fetch_info_from_stderr 39 0 0.0% []
git.objects.util.parse_date 46 2 4.347% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.objects.commit.Commit._deserialize 55 28 50.90% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.util.RemoteProgress._parse_progress_line 44 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.add 56 30 53.57% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.update 97 13 13.40% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.move 49 0 0.0% []
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.remove 60 0 0.0% []
stream.read 300 141 47.0% ['fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config']
git.repo.fun.rev_parse 100 22 22.0% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.index.base.IndexFile.checkout.handle_stderr 49 0 0.0% []
git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths 33 8 24.24% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
f.readline 56 20 35.71% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
buf.find 70 16 22.85% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.diff.Diffable.diff 39 5 12.82% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']
git.diff.Diff.__str__ 33 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line 39 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.objects.submodule.root.RootModule.update 104 0 0.0% []
git.index.fun.aggressive_tree_merge 36 0 0.0% []
ref.set_reference 45 10 22.22% ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff']

Files and Directories in report

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file Reached by Covered by
[] []
os [] []
warnings [] []
git.objects.fun ['fuzz_repo'] []
stat [] []
getpass [] []
git.refs.log [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob ['fuzz_blob'] []
git.diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
git [] []
git.refs.symbolic [] []
git.db ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob'] []
enum [] []
git.objects.tree ['fuzz_repo'] []
struct [] []
time [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule ['fuzz_submodule'] []
shlex [] []
importlib [] []
datetime [] []
weakref [] []
git.objects.blob [] []
git.index.util [] []
git.exc [] []
locale [] []
uuid [] []
sys [] []
inspect [] []
git.repo.fun ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob'] []
git.objects.submodule.base [] []
threading [] []
functools [] []
mimetypes [] []
calendar [] []
urllib [] []
configparser [] []
fnmatch [] []
collections [] []
io [] []
shutil [] []
git.repo.base ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob'] []
git.util ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob'] []
git.refs.remote [] []
subprocess [] []
pathlib [] []
git.index [] []
git.index.fun [] []
git.objects [] []
atheris [] []
[] []
git.index.base [] []
git.types [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo ['fuzz_repo'] []
textwrap [] []
git.refs [] []
git.compat ['fuzz_repo'] []
gc [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
git.repo [] []
git.objects.submodule.util [] []
git.config ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_blob'] []
utils [] []
git.objects.submodule [] []
git.objects.commit [] []
binascii [] []
git.refs.reference [] []
git.objects.tag [] []
tempfile [] []
git.refs.tag [] []
git.objects.base ['fuzz_diff'] []
git.refs.head [] []
git.index.typ [] []
re [] []
git.objects.submodule.root [] []
git.remote [] []
logging [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config ['fuzz_config'] []
typing [] []
git.objects.util ['fuzz_diff'] []
itertools [] []
gitdb [] []
git.cmd ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_blob'] []
contextlib [] []
platform [] []
typing_extensions [] []
glob [] []

Directories in report

Directory