Fuzz introspector
For issues and ideas: https://github.com/ossf/fuzz-introspector/issues
Report generation date: 2026-02-11

Project overview: gitpython

High level conclusions

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
10.0%
67 / 658
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
12.0%
289 / 2322
Runtime code coverage of functions
50.0%
331 / 658

Warning: The number of runtime covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that Fuzz Introspector found there are more functions covered at runtime than what is considered reachable based on the static analysis. This is a limitation in the analysis as anything covered at runtime is by definition reachable by the fuzzers.
This is likely due to a limitation in the static analysis. In this case, the count of functions covered at runtime is the true value, which means this is what should be considered "achieved" by the fuzzer.

Use the project functions table below to query all functions that were not covered at runtime.

Project functions overview

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Runtime reached by Fuzzers Combined reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer details

Fuzzer: fuzz_diff

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 227 62.3%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 137 37.6%
All colors 364 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
89 207 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00207 git.diff.Diff._index_from_patch_format
50 313 git.util.finalize_process call site: 00313 git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line
33 22 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00022 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 95 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00095 git.config.get_config_path
6 69 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00069 os.path.join
6 137 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00137 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
4 172 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__ call site: 00172 git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__
4 183 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput call site: 00183 fdp.ConsumeBytes
3 131 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00131 os.path.dirname
3 166 git.diff.Diff.__init__ call site: 00166 a_rawpath.decode
2 89 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00089 git.types.assert_never
2 120 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00120 configparser.RawConfigParser.get

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
387
Functions that are reachable but not covered
190
Reachable functions
220
Percentage of reachable functions covered
13.64%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff 15
git.repo.base 35
git.util 80
git.cmd 48
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1
git.diff 40
git.objects.util 4
git.objects.base 1

Fuzzer: fuzz_repo

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 90 49.4%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 92 50.5%
All colors 182 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
33 22 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00022 git.util._is_cygwin_git
14 95 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00095 git.config.get_config_path
13 156 git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__ call site: 00156 git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__
6 69 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00069 os.path.join
6 137 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00137 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
3 0 EP call site: 00000 git.repo.base.Repo.init
3 131 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00131 os.path.dirname
2 89 git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path call site: 00089 git.types.assert_never
2 120 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00120 configparser.RawConfigParser.get
1 10 git.repo.base.Repo.init call site: 00010 os.makedirs
1 17 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00017 os.getcwd
1 56 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00056 warnings.warn

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
387
Functions that are reachable but not covered
77
Reachable functions
103
Percentage of reachable functions covered
25.24%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo 15
git.repo.base 35
git.util 36
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 20
git.config 15
git.db 1
git.objects.tree 2
git.objects.fun 4
git.compat 2

Fuzzer: fuzz_config

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 19 24.3%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 59 75.6%
All colors 78 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
15 48 git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths call site: 00048 git.config.GitConfigParser.items
4 68 git.config.GitConfigParser.read call site: 00068 typing.cast

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
388
Functions that are reachable but not covered
52
Reachable functions
59
Percentage of reachable functions covered
11.86%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config 3
git.config 55

Fuzzer: fuzz_blob

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 11 100.%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 0 0.0%
All colors 11 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
10 0 EP call site: 00000 atheris.FuzzedDataProvider

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
387
Functions that are reachable but not covered
10
Reachable functions
10
Percentage of reachable functions covered
0.0%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob 9

Fuzzer: fuzz_submodule

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 345 51.8%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 321 48.1%
All colors 666 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
97 519 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00519 git.repo.base.Repo.commit
73 375 git.repo.fun.name_to_object call site: 00375 git.repo.fun.short_to_long
45 459 git.repo.fun.rev_parse call site: 00459 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
33 22 git.util.is_cygwin_git call site: 00022 git.util._is_cygwin_git
26 639 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00639 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
14 95 git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__ call site: 00095 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
12 626 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput call site: 00626 ...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.sanitize_input
6 69 git.repo.fun.is_git_dir call site: 00069 os.path.join
6 137 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__ call site: 00137 git.repo.fun.find_worktree_git_dir
4 451 git.repo.fun.name_to_object call site: 00451 git.repo.base.Repo.__init__
3 0 EP call site: 00000 git.repo.base.Repo.init
3 131 git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir call site: 00131 os.path.dirname

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
387
Functions that are reachable but not covered
403
Reachable functions
436
Percentage of reachable functions covered
7.57%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/ 1
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule 32
git.repo.base 122
git.util 36
git.cmd 3
git.repo.fun 195
git.config 15
git.db 1
git.refs.tag 1
git.refs.symbolic 5
git.objects.base 66
git.objects.tree 1
git.objects.commit 3
git.objects.tag 1

Analyses and suggestions

Fuzz engine guidance

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_diff.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff.TestOneInput', 'git.util.finalize_process', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.objects.base.IndexObject.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir', 'git.diff.Diff.__init__']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_repo.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.util.is_cygwin_git', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.db.GitCmdObjectDB.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.find_submodule_git_dir', 'git.repo.base.Repo._get_config_path', 'git.repo.base.Repo.init']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_config.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.read']

/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_blob.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


/src/gitpython/fuzzing/fuzz-targets/fuzz_submodule.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['git.repo.base.Repo.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.name_to_object', 'git.repo.fun.rev_parse', 'git.util.is_cygwin_git', '...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule.TestOneInput', 'git.config.GitConfigParser.__init__', 'git.repo.fun.is_git_dir']

Runtime coverage analysis

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name Function total lines Lines covered at runtime percentage covered Reached by fuzzers
git.repo.base.Repo.blame_incremental 39 0 0.0% []
git.repo.base.Repo.blame 75 0 0.0% []
git.diff.Diffable.diff 39 5 12.82% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.diff.Diff.__str__ 33 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.diff.Diff._handle_diff_line 39 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.objects.submodule 39 20 51.28% ['fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo']
git.cmd.handle_process_output.pump_stream 51 2 3.921% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.cmd.Git.refresh 35 12 34.28% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.cmd.Git.execute.communicate 34 16 47.05% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.remote.PushInfo._from_line 32 0 0.0% []
git.remote.FetchInfo._from_line 56 0 0.0% []
git.remote.Remote._get_fetch_info_from_stderr 39 0 0.0% []
git.index.base.IndexFile.checkout.handle_stderr 49 0 0.0% []
git.objects.util.parse_date 46 2 4.347% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
e.append 64 29 45.31% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo']
s.encode 67 32 47.76% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.util.RemoteProgress._parse_progress_line 44 0 0.0% ['fuzz_diff']
git.objects.commit.Commit._deserialize 55 28 50.90% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.add 56 30 53.57% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.update 97 13 13.40% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.move 49 0 0.0% []
git.objects.submodule.base.Submodule.remove 60 0 0.0% []
stream.read 300 141 47.0% ['fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo']
repo.git.read_tree 39 17 43.58% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo']
git.repo.fun.rev_parse 100 22 22.0% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.config.GitConfigParser._included_paths 33 8 24.24% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
f.readline 56 20 35.71% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
buf.find 70 16 22.85% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
git.index.fun.aggressive_tree_merge 36 0 0.0% []
git.objects.submodule.root.RootModule.update 104 0 0.0% []
ref.set_reference 45 10 22.22% ['fuzz_submodule', 'fuzz_blob', 'fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_repo']
repo.git.branch 39 17 43.58% ['fuzz_blob']

Files and Directories in report

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file Reached by Covered by
[] []
typing_extensions [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
git.diff ['fuzz_diff'] []
git.util ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
git.objects.commit ['fuzz_submodule'] []
shlex [] []
git.objects.submodule.util [] []
glob [] []
git.objects.submodule.root [] []
logging [] []
git.remote [] []
git.types [] []
git.index [] []
uuid [] []
git.refs.remote [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_blob ['fuzz_blob'] []
time [] []
git.cmd ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
git.refs.symbolic ['fuzz_submodule'] []
itertools [] []
git [] []
git.objects.base ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
locale [] []
gc [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_config ['fuzz_config'] []
platform [] []
git.objects.tree ['fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
mimetypes [] []
datetime [] []
git.index.util [] []
git.objects.blob [] []
git.objects.fun ['fuzz_repo'] []
utils [] []
git.objects.submodule.base [] []
inspect [] []
git.refs.reference [] []
git.compat ['fuzz_repo'] []
git.refs.tag ['fuzz_submodule'] []
git.db ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
git.objects [] []
fnmatch [] []
git.objects.util ['fuzz_diff'] []
importlib [] []
git.repo.base ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
[] []
git.objects.submodule [] []
sys [] []
git.index.fun [] []
io [] []
git.repo [] []
git.objects.tag ['fuzz_submodule'] []
threading [] []
textwrap [] []
git.repo.fun ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
getpass [] []
git.exc [] []
git.refs [] []
contextlib [] []
functools [] []
collections [] []
typing [] []
atheris [] []
os [] []
git.refs.head [] []
pathlib [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_submodule ['fuzz_submodule'] []
configparser [] []
enum [] []
gitdb [] []
subprocess [] []
warnings [] []
struct [] []
urllib [] []
binascii [] []
git.config ['fuzz_diff', 'fuzz_repo', 'fuzz_config', 'fuzz_submodule'] []
calendar [] []
weakref [] []
stat [] []
shutil [] []
re [] []
git.refs.log [] []
tempfile [] []
git.index.base [] []
git.index.typ [] []
...gitpython.fuzzing.fuzz-targets.fuzz_repo ['fuzz_repo'] []

Directories in report

Directory