Fuzz introspector
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Project coverage
Per-fuzzer coverage

Table of contents

Project overview: hothd
High level conclusions
Reachability and coverage overview
Fuzzers overview
Project functions overview
Fuzzer details
Fuzzer: hothd_payload_fuzzer
Call tree
Fuzz blockers
Runtime coverage analysis
Files reached
Analyses and suggestions
Optimal target analysis
Remaining optimal interesting functions
All functions overview
Fuzz engine guidance
/src/hothd_payload_fuzzer.cc
Dictionary
Fuzzer function priority
Runtime coverage analysis
Complex functions with low coverage
Files and Directories in report
Files in report
Directories in report
Metadata section
Report generation date: 2026-07-16

Project overview: hothd

High level conclusions

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
31.0%
89 / 291
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
34.0%
439 / 1285
Runtime code coverage of functions
20.0%
59 / 291

Fuzzers overview

Fuzzer Fuzzer filename Functions Reached Functions unreached Fuzzer depth Files reached Basic blocks reached Cyclomatic complexity Details
hothd_payload_fuzzer /src/hothd_payload_fuzzer.cc 183 226 10 21 610 491 hothd_payload_fuzzer.cc

Project functions overview

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Runtime reached by Fuzzers Combined reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer details

Fuzzer: hothd_payload_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Full calltree

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is
Color Runtime hitcount Callsite count Percentage
red 0 76 45.5%
gold [1:9] 0 0.0%
yellow [10:29] 0 0.0%
greenyellow [30:49] 0 0.0%
lawngreen 50+ 91 54.4%
All colors 167 100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked Calltree index Parent function Callsite Largest blocked function
8 28 google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::sendCommand(std::__1::vector >&, std::__1::span ) const call site: 00028
8 107 stdplus::Managed ::HandleF ::Dropper<&google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::closeFd> >::operator*() const & call site: 00107 __cxa_allocate_exception
6 21 _ZN7stdplus3raw7extractIN6google4hoth8internal9RspHeaderETkNS_17TriviallyCopyableEKhEET_RNSt3__14spanIT0_Lm18446744073709551615EEE call site: 00021 __cxa_allocate_exception
6 55 stdplus::BasicStrBuf >::~BasicStrBuf() call site: 00055 __cxa_allocate_exception
5 49 stdplus::prints(_IO_FILE*, std::__1::basic_string_view >) call site: 00049 __cxa_allocate_exception
5 87 google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::verify() const call site: 00087 __cxa_allocate_exception
5 160 google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::confirm(payload_update_confirm_option, unsigned int, unsigned long) const call site: 00160 __cxa_allocate_exception
4 80 _ZN7stdplus3raw10extractRefIN6google4hoth8internal9RspHeaderENS0_9UnAlignedETkNS_17TriviallyCopyableEhS5_EERT2_RNSt3__14spanIT1_Lm18446744073709551615EEE call site: 00080 __cxa_allocate_exception
4 116 google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::send(std::__1::basic_string , std::__1::allocator > const&) const call site: 00116 __cxa_allocate_exception
4 121 google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::send(std::__1::basic_string , std::__1::allocator > const&) const call site: 00121 __cxa_allocate_exception
3 10 google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::sendCommand(std::__1::vector >&, unsigned char, unsigned int, unsigned int) const call site: 00010
3 15 google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::sendCommand(std::__1::vector >&, unsigned char, unsigned int, unsigned int) const call site: 00015

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions
58
Functions that are reachable but not covered
92
Reachable functions
183
Percentage of reachable functions covered
49.73%
NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.
Function name source code lines source lines hit percentage hit

Files reached

filename functions hit
/src/hothd_payload_fuzzer.cc 3
/src/hothd/sys_interface.hpp 1
/src/hothd/host_command_interface.hpp 1
/src/hothd/payload_update.hpp 2
/src/hothd/payload_update_interface.hpp 1
/src/hothd/payload_update.cpp 16
/usr/include/boost/endian/arithmetic.hpp 5
/usr/include/boost/endian/buffers.hpp 4
/usr/include/boost/endian/detail/endian_store.hpp 6
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/raw.hpp 6
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/optional 7
/src/stdplus/src/exception.cpp 1
/usr/include/boost/endian/detail/endian_load.hpp 2
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/print.hpp 4
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/str/buf.hpp 12
/src/stdplus/src/print.cpp 1
/src/hothd_shims/xyz/openbmc_project/Control/Hoth/error.hpp 2
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__exception/exception.h 1
/src/hothd/sys.hpp 1
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/handle/managed.hpp 8
/usr/include/boost/endian/conversion.hpp 6

Analyses and suggestions

Optimal target analysis

Remaining optimal interesting functions

The following table shows a list of functions that are optimal targets. Optimal targets are identified by finding the functions that in combination, yield a high code coverage.

Func name Functions filename Arg count Args Function depth hitcount instr count bb count cyclomatic complexity Reachable functions Incoming references total cyclomatic complexity Unreached complexity
google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::eraseAndSendStaticWPRegions(std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >const&,unsignedint)const /src/hothd/payload_update.cpp 3 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'int'] 9 0 2025 264 225 125 0 432 227
boost::asio::detail::posix_global_impl ::~posix_global_impl() /usr/include/boost/asio/detail/posix_global.hpp 1 ['N/A'] 6 0 27 6 3 61 0 116 112
google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::findDescriptor(std::__1::basic_string ,std::__1::allocator >const&,unsignedint*)const /src/hothd/payload_update.cpp 3 ['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A'] 7 0 971 124 104 40 0 158 104

Implementing fuzzers that target the above functions will improve reachability such that it becomes:

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers
41.0%
119 / 291
Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers
68.0%
868 / 1285

All functions overview

If you implement fuzzers for these functions, the status of all functions in the project will be:

Func name Functions filename Args Function call depth Reached by Fuzzers Runtime reached by Fuzzers Combined reached by Fuzzers Fuzzers runtime hit Func lines hit % I Count BB Count Cyclomatic complexity Functions reached Reached by functions Accumulated cyclomatic complexity Undiscovered complexity

Fuzz engine guidance

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

/src/hothd_payload_fuzzer.cc

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag


Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name 

-focus_function=['google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::sendCommand(std::__1::vector >&, std::__1::span) const', 'stdplus::Managed::HandleF::Dropper<&google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::closeFd> >::operator*() const &', '_ZN7stdplus3raw7extractIN6google4hoth8internal9RspHeaderETkNS_17TriviallyCopyableEKhEET_RNSt3__14spanIT0_Lm18446744073709551615EEE', 'stdplus::BasicStrBuf >::~BasicStrBuf()', 'stdplus::prints(_IO_FILE*, std::__1::basic_string_view >)', 'google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::verify() const', 'google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::confirm(payload_update_confirm_option, unsigned int, unsigned long) const', '_ZN7stdplus3raw10extractRefIN6google4hoth8internal9RspHeaderENS0_9UnAlignedETkNS_17TriviallyCopyableEhS5_EERT2_RNSt3__14spanIT1_Lm18446744073709551615EEE', 'google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::send(std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator > const&) const', 'google::hoth::internal::PayloadUpdateImpl::send(std::__1::basic_string, std::__1::allocator > const&) const']

Runtime coverage analysis

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name Function total lines Lines covered at runtime percentage covered Reached by fuzzers
stdplus::BasicStrBuf >::append(unsignedlong) 32 12 37.5% ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']

Files and Directories in report

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file Reached by Covered by
[] []
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/system_category.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/posix_event.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/error_category_impl.hpp [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__exception/exception.h ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/scheduler.hpp [] []
/src/hothd/host_command_interface.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__format/format_functions.h [] []
/src/hothd/sys_interface.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/generic_category_message.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/endian/detail/endian_load.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/error_condition.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/posix_global.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/endian/buffers.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/boost/endian/arithmetic.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/generic_category.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/impl/error.ipp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/posix_mutex.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/conditionally_enabled_mutex.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/keyword_tss_ptr.hpp [] []
/src/hothd/sys.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/system_category_impl.hpp [] []
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/raw.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/handle/managed.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/interop_category.hpp [] []
/src/hothd/payload_update_interface.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/src/hothd/payload_update.cpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/system_category_message.hpp [] []
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/print.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__format/buffer.h [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/stdexcept [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/optional ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/thread_group.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/conditionally_enabled_event.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/impl/scheduler.ipp [] []
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/str/buf.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/error_category.hpp [] []
/src/hothd/payload_update.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/src/hothd_payload_fuzzer.cc ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__format/format_arg_store.h [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/string [] []
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/exception.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/impl/execution_context.ipp [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__format/write_escaped.h [] []
/usr/include/boost/endian/detail/endian_store.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__format/parser_std_format_spec.h [] []
/src/stdplus/src/print.cpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/snprintf.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/impl/service_registry.ipp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/impl/posix_thread.ipp [] []
/src/hothd_shims/xyz/openbmc_project/Control/Hoth/error.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/noncopyable.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/error.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/execution_context.hpp [] []
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__algorithm/ranges_upper_bound.h [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/impl/system_context.ipp [] []
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/tss_ptr.hpp [] []
/usr/include/boost/endian/conversion.hpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] []
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/error_code.hpp [] []
/src/hothd/google3/cr51_image_descriptor.h [] []
/src/stdplus/src/exception.cpp ['hothd_payload_fuzzer'] ['hothd_payload_fuzzer']

Directories in report

Directory
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/str/
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/impl/
/usr/include/boost/asio/detail/
/usr/include/boost/endian/
/src/
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/
/usr/include/boost/asio/
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__format/
/src/stdplus/include/stdplus/handle/
/src/hothd_shims/xyz/openbmc_project/Control/Hoth/
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/
/src/stdplus/src/
/usr/include/boost/asio/impl/
/usr/include/boost/endian/detail/
/src/hothd/google3/
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__exception/
/usr/include/boost/system/detail/
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/__algorithm/
/src/hothd/

Metadata section

This sections shows the raw data that is used to produce this report. This is mainly used for further processing and developer debugging.

Fuzzer Calltree file Program data file Coverage file
hothd_payload_fuzzer fuzzerLogFile-0-0ZU4iPkpEW.data fuzzerLogFile-0-0ZU4iPkpEW.data.yaml hothd_payload_fuzzer.covreport