High level conclusions

Fuzzers reach 92.96% of cyclomatic complexity.

Fuzzers reach 87.45% of all functions.

Fuzzers reach 66.27% code coverage.

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers

223 / 255

Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers

2737 / 2944

Runtime code coverage of functions

169 / 255

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name	Functions filename	Args	Function call depth	Reached by Fuzzers	Runtime reached by Fuzzers	Combined reached by Fuzzers	Fuzzers runtime hit	Func lines hit %	I Count	BB Count	Cyclomatic complexity	Functions reached	Reached by functions	Accumulated cyclomatic complexity	Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer: table_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	578	84.1%
gold	[1:9]	98	14.2%
yellow	[10:29]	5	0.72%
greenyellow	[30:49]	0	0.0%
lawngreen	50+	6	0.87%
All colors	687	100

Fuzz blockers

The followings are the branches where fuzzer fails to bypass.

Unique non-covered Complexity	Unique Reachable Complexities	Unique Reachable Functions	All non-covered Complexity	All Reachable Complexity	Function Name	Function Callsite	Blocked Branch
33	33	3 : View List ['realloc', '_lou_outOfMemory', 'compileError']	33	33	allocateSpaceInDisplayTable	call site: 00157	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:468
33	33	3 : View List ['realloc', '_lou_outOfMemory', 'compileError']	33	33	allocateSpaceInTranslationTable	call site: 00046	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:435
25	45	5 : View List ['_lou_findOpcodeName', 'rpl_free', '_lou_logMessage', 'strdup', 'printSource']	25	45	addForwardRuleWithSingleChar	call site: 00173	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:843
15	15	1 : View List ['compileError']	15	23	includeFile	call site: 00108	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:4944
15	15	1 : View List ['compileError']	15	15	getAChar	call site: 00087	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:307
15	15	1 : View List ['compileError']	15	15	parseDots	call site: 00139	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:1508
15	15	1 : View List ['compileError']	15	15	compileCharDef	call site: 00141	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:2657
6	6	1 : View List ['fgetc']	21	21	getAChar	call site: 00087	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:305
4	4	2 : View List ['addForwardPassRule', 'addBackwardPassRule']	45	182	addRule	call site: 00167	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:1046
0	40	1 : View List ['putDots']	0	40	addForwardRuleWithSingleChar	call site: 00170	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:824
0	12	1 : View List ['_lou_logMessage']	0	12	getTable	call site: 00011	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:5177
0	12	1 : View List ['_lou_logMessage']	0	12	compileFile	call site: 00119	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:4878

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

50

Functions that are reachable but not covered

74

Reachable functions

121

Percentage of reachable functions covered

38.84%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/table_fuzzer.cc	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	89
/src/liblouis/liblouis/logging.c	2
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/free.c	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/utils.c	5
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./internal.h	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/pattern.c	8

Fuzzer: fuzz_backtranslate

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	440	50.5%
gold	[1:9]	115	13.2%
yellow	[10:29]	59	6.78%
greenyellow	[30:49]	27	3.10%
lawngreen	50+	229	26.3%
All colors	870	100

Fuzz blockers

The followings are the branches where fuzzer fails to bypass.

Unique non-covered Complexity	Unique Reachable Complexities	Unique Reachable Functions	All non-covered Complexity	All Reachable Complexity	Function Name	Function Callsite	Blocked Branch
42	42	1 : View List ['compileSwapDots']	42	225	compileSwap	call site: 00627	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:1664
18	33	3 : View List ['realloc', '_lou_outOfMemory', 'compileError']	18	33	allocateSpaceInDisplayTable	call site: 00161	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:468
13	361	8 : View List ['_lou_pattern_check', 'compareDots', 'back_passDoTest', 'getDots.371', 'isEndWord', 'back_setAfter', 'handleMultind', 'isBegWord']	13	361	back_selectRule	call site: 00782	/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_backTranslateString.c:676
13	361	8 : View List ['_lou_pattern_check', 'compareDots', 'back_passDoTest', 'getDots.371', 'isEndWord', 'back_setAfter', 'handleMultind', 'isBegWord']	13	361	back_selectRule	call site: 00801	/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_backTranslateString.c:816
6	6	1 : View List ['fgetc']	6	21	getAChar	call site: 00091	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:305
4	60	6 : View List ['_lou_findOpcodeName', 'strdup', 'memcmp', 'rpl_free', '_lou_logMessage', 'printSource']	4	66	finalizeCharacter	call site: 00679	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:4415
2	32	2 : View List ['getNextNumberedAttribute', 'compileError']	2	141	compileRule	call site: 00110	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:4143
2	23	3 : View List ['getPartName', '_lou_findOpcodeName', 'compileError']	2	23	verifyStringOrDots	call site: 00464	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:1836
2	14	2 : View List ['_lou_logMessage', 'exit']	2	14	_lou_allocMem	call site: 00747	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:5281
2	2	1 : View List ['memcmp']	34	1174	getTable	call site: 00013	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:5157
2	2	1 : View List ['strcat']	34	106	resolveSubtable	call site: 00000	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:4634
2	2	1 : View List ['realloc']	2	2	hyphenAddTrans	call site: 00087	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:2522

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

147

Functions that are reachable but not covered

38

Reachable functions

181

Percentage of reachable functions covered

79.01%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_backtranslate.c	2
/src/liblouis/liblouis/logging.c	3
/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	96
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/free.c	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/utils.c	7
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./internal.h	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/pattern.c	15
/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_backTranslateString.c	37
/src/liblouis/liblouis/commonTranslationFunctions.c	3

Fuzzer: fuzz_translate_generic

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	802	74.5%
gold	[1:9]	120	11.1%
yellow	[10:29]	81	7.52%
greenyellow	[30:49]	7	0.65%
lawngreen	50+	66	6.13%
All colors	1076	100

Fuzz blockers

The followings are the branches where fuzzer fails to bypass.

Unique non-covered Complexity	Unique Reachable Complexities	Unique Reachable Functions	All non-covered Complexity	All Reachable Complexity	Function Name	Function Callsite	Blocked Branch
308	1585	6 : View List ['translatePass', 'translateString', 'makeCorrections', '_lou_allocMem', 'getStringBuffer', 'releaseStringBuffer']	308	1651	_lou_translate	call site: 01058	/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_translateString.c:1322
33	55	5 : View List ['checkCharAttr_safe', 'for_updatePositions', 'isNoLetsignBefore', 'isNoLetsignAfter', 'isNoLetsign']	33	55	insertLetterSign	call site: 01000	/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_translateString.c:1725
28	60	6 : View List ['_lou_findOpcodeName', 'strdup', 'memcmp', 'rpl_free', '_lou_logMessage', 'printSource']	28	66	finalizeCharacter	call site: 00679	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:4415
25	45	5 : View List ['_lou_findOpcodeName', 'rpl_free', '_lou_logMessage', 'strdup', 'printSource']	25	45	addForwardRuleWithSingleChar	call site: 00177	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:843
18	33	3 : View List ['realloc', '_lou_outOfMemory', 'compileError']	18	33	allocateSpaceInDisplayTable	call site: 00161	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:468
18	33	3 : View List ['realloc', '_lou_outOfMemory', 'compileError']	18	33	allocateSpaceInTranslationTable	call site: 00050	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:435
9	9	1 : View List ['printSource']	9	21	compileRule	call site: 00110	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:4268
8	23	3 : View List ['getPartName', '_lou_findOpcodeName', 'compileError']	8	23	verifyStringOrDots	call site: 00464	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:1836
6	6	1 : View List ['fgetc']	6	21	getAChar	call site: 00091	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:305
2	14	2 : View List ['_lou_logMessage', 'exit']	2	14	_lou_allocMem	call site: 00745	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:5281
2	2	1 : View List ['memcmp']	34	1174	getTable	call site: 00013	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:5157
2	2	1 : View List ['strcat']	34	106	resolveSubtable	call site: 00000	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c:4634

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

114

Functions that are reachable but not covered

120

Reachable functions

228

Percentage of reachable functions covered

47.37%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_translate_generic.c	2
/src/liblouis/liblouis/logging.c	4
/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	96
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/free.c	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/utils.c	8
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./internal.h	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/pattern.c	15
/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_translateString.c	74
/src/liblouis/liblouis/commonTranslationFunctions.c	3

Optimal target analysis

Remaining optimal interesting functions

The following table shows a list of functions that are optimal targets. Optimal targets are identified by finding the functions that in combination, yield a high code coverage.

Func name	Functions filename	Arg count	Args	Function depth	hitcount	instr count	bb count	cyclomatic complexity	Reachable functions	Incoming references	total cyclomatic complexity	Unreached complexity
_lou_defaultTableResolver	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	2	['N/A', 'N/A']	3	0	228	36	12	17	0	83	55

Implementing fuzzers that target the above functions will improve reachability such that it becomes:

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers

226 / 255

Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers

2784 / 2944

All functions overview

If you implement fuzzers for these functions, the status of all functions in the project will be:

Func name	Functions filename	Args	Function call depth	Reached by Fuzzers	Runtime reached by Fuzzers	Combined reached by Fuzzers	Fuzzers runtime hit	Func lines hit %	I Count	BB Count	Cyclomatic complexity	Functions reached	Reached by functions	Accumulated cyclomatic complexity	Undiscovered complexity

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/table_fuzzer.cc

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['addBackwardRuleWithSingleCell', 'parseChars', 'addForwardRuleWithSingleChar', 'compileRule', 'getAChar', 'getRuleDotsPattern', 'compileFile', 'compileTable', 'rpl_free']

/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_backtranslate.c

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['compileRule', 'findCharacterClass', 'finalizeCharacter', 'compilePassOpcode', 'findRuleName', '_lou_backTranslate', 'compileFile']

/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_translate_generic.c

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['compileRule', 'for_selectRule', 'compilePassOpcode', 'addBackwardRuleWithSingleCell', 'compileBrailleIndicator', 'translateString', 'passDoTest', 'parseChars']

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name	Function total lines	Lines covered at runtime	percentage covered	Reached by fuzzers
resolveSubtable	68	23	33.82%	['fuzz_translate_generic', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'table_fuzzer']
compileRule	1306	359	27.48%	['fuzz_translate_generic', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'table_fuzzer']
finalizeCharacter	103	29	28.15%	['fuzz_translate_generic', 'fuzz_backtranslate']
compilePassOpcode	452	248	54.86%	['fuzz_translate_generic', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'table_fuzzer']
back_selectRule	218	106	48.62%	['fuzz_backtranslate']
handleMultind	49	3	6.122%	['fuzz_backtranslate']
pattern_compile_expression	256	83	32.42%	['fuzz_translate_generic', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'table_fuzzer']
pattern_compile_3	61	14	22.95%	['fuzz_translate_generic', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'table_fuzzer']
pattern_check_expression	209	37	17.70%	['fuzz_translate_generic', 'fuzz_backtranslate']
_lou_translate	226	106	46.90%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
passDoTest	166	73	43.97%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
doPassSearch	136	33	24.26%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
translateString	369	120	32.52%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
markSyllables	66	10	15.15%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
markEmphases	61	30	49.18%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
resolveEmphasisBeginEnd	49	19	38.77%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
resolveEmphasisWords	114	29	25.43%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
resolveEmphasisResets	122	20	16.39%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
resolveEmphasisAllSymbols	57	20	35.08%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
for_selectRule	299	29	9.698%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
insertEmphasesAt	71	21	29.57%	['fuzz_translate_generic']

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file	Reached by	Covered by
	[]	[]
/src/liblouis/liblouis/logging.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/utils.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/pattern.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['fuzz_backtranslate']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_backTranslateString.c	['fuzz_backtranslate']	['fuzz_backtranslate']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/commonTranslationFunctions.c	['fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_translateString.c	['fuzz_translate_generic']	['fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./internal.h	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	[]
/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_backtranslate.c	['fuzz_backtranslate']	['fuzz_backtranslate']
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_translate_generic.c	['fuzz_translate_generic']	['fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/free.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/stdexcept	[]	[]
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/table_fuzzer.cc	['table_fuzzer']	['table_fuzzer']

Directories in report

Directory
/src/liblouis/liblouis/
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/