High level conclusions

Fuzzers reach 70.0% code coverage.

Fuzzers reach 85.54% of cyclomatic complexity.

Fuzzers reach 77.66% of all functions.

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers

233 / 300

Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers

2799 / 3272

Runtime code coverage of functions

210 / 300

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name	Functions filename	Args	Function call depth	Reached by Fuzzers	Runtime reached by Fuzzers	Combined reached by Fuzzers	Fuzzers runtime hit	Func lines hit %	I Count	BB Count	Cyclomatic complexity	Functions reached	Reached by functions	Accumulated cyclomatic complexity	Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer: table_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	597	84.2%
gold	[1:9]	99	13.9%
yellow	[10:29]	5	0.70%
greenyellow	[30:49]	2	0.28%
lawngreen	50+	6	0.84%
All colors	709	100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked	Calltree index	Parent function	Callsite	Largest blocked function
446	206	addBackwardRuleWithSingleCell	call site: 00206	compileRule
25	75	parseCharsInternal	call site: 00075	_lou_getALine
17	187	addForwardRuleWithSingleChar	call site: 00187	_lou_logMessage
13	19	getLogLevelFromEnvironment	call site: 00019	_lou_logMessage
13	102	getAChar	call site: 00102	_lou_getALine
12	57	compileRule	call site: 00057	compileHyphenation
9	149	getRuleDotsPattern	call site: 00149	compileError
8	654	compileFile	call site: 00654	_lou_logMessage
6	33	rpl_free	call site: 00033	_lou_outOfMemory
5	137	compileFile	call site: 00137	compileError
5	667	compileTable	call site: 00667	compileFile
4	70	parseCharsInternal	call site: 00070	compileWarning

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

56

Functions that are reachable but not covered

79

Reachable functions

132

Percentage of reachable functions covered

40.15%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/table_fuzzer.cc	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	93
/src/liblouis/liblouis/logging.c	5
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/free.c	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/utils.c	5
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./internal.h	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/pattern.c	8
/src/liblouis/liblouis/metadata.c	2

Fuzzer: fuzz_backtranslate

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	254	28.5%
gold	[1:9]	93	10.4%
yellow	[10:29]	91	10.2%
greenyellow	[30:49]	46	5.16%
lawngreen	50+	407	45.6%
All colors	891	100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked	Calltree index	Parent function	Callsite	Largest blocked function
16	697	finalizeCharacter	call site: 00697	_lou_logMessage
13	245	compileRule	call site: 00245	compileRule
12	759	_lou_backTranslate	call site: 00759	_lou_outOfMemory
10	23	getLogLevelFromEnvironment	call site: 00023	_lou_logMessage
10	658	compileFile	call site: 00658	_lou_logMessage
8	438	compileRule	call site: 00438	addRule
7	121	getOpcode	call site: 00121	includeFile
7	401	compileRule	call site: 00401	getRuleCharsText
7	414	compileRule	call site: 00414	getRuleCharsText
5	132	lou_freeTableFiles	call site: 00132	compileFile
5	141	compileFile	call site: 00141	compileError
5	333	compileBeforeAfter	call site: 00333	compileBrailleIndicator

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

168

Functions that are reachable but not covered

28

Reachable functions

192

Percentage of reachable functions covered

85.42%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_backtranslate.c	2
/src/liblouis/liblouis/logging.c	6
/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	100
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/free.c	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/utils.c	7
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./internal.h	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/pattern.c	15
/src/liblouis/liblouis/metadata.c	2
/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_backTranslateString.c	37
/src/liblouis/liblouis/commonTranslationFunctions.c	3

Fuzzer: fuzz_translate_generic

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	475	43.2%
gold	[1:9]	169	15.3%
yellow	[10:29]	74	6.73%
greenyellow	[30:49]	22	2.00%
lawngreen	50+	358	32.6%
All colors	1098	100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked	Calltree index	Parent function	Callsite	Largest blocked function
40	392	compileRule	call site: 00392	compileBrailleIndicator
22	962	for_selectRule	call site: 00962	_lou_pattern_check
18	373	compileRule	call site: 00373	compileBrailleIndicator
18	1033	insertNumberSign	call site: 01033	checkNumericMode
17	241	compileGrouping	call site: 00241	compileRule
15	697	finalizeCharacter	call site: 00697	_lou_logMessage
10	23	getLogLevelFromEnvironment	call site: 00023	_lou_logMessage
10	535	compilePassOpcode	call site: 00535	appendInstructionChar
10	658	compileFile	call site: 00658	_lou_logMessage
9	446	compileRule	call site: 00446	addRule
9	594	compileRule	call site: 00594	addRule
8	355	compileRule	call site: 00355	_lou_logMessage

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

187

Functions that are reachable but not covered

58

Reachable functions

239

Percentage of reachable functions covered

75.73%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_translate_generic.c	2
/src/liblouis/liblouis/logging.c	7
/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	100
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/free.c	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/utils.c	8
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./internal.h	1
/src/liblouis/liblouis/pattern.c	15
/src/liblouis/liblouis/metadata.c	2
/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_translateString.c	74
/src/liblouis/liblouis/commonTranslationFunctions.c	3

Optimal target analysis

Remaining optimal interesting functions

The following table shows a list of functions that are optimal targets. Optimal targets are identified by finding the functions that in combination, yield a high code coverage.

Func name	Functions filename	Arg count	Args	Function depth	hitcount	instr count	bb count	cyclomatic complexity	Reachable functions	Incoming references	total cyclomatic complexity	Unreached complexity
lou_findTables	/src/liblouis/liblouis/metadata.c	1	['N/A']	10	0	156	20	7	60	0	345	263
_lou_defaultTableResolver	/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	2	['N/A', 'N/A']	5	0	218	36	12	22	0	101	41

Implementing fuzzers that target the above functions will improve reachability such that it becomes:

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers

265 / 300

Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers

3085 / 3272

All functions overview

If you implement fuzzers for these functions, the status of all functions in the project will be:

Func name	Functions filename	Args	Function call depth	Reached by Fuzzers	Runtime reached by Fuzzers	Combined reached by Fuzzers	Fuzzers runtime hit	Func lines hit %	I Count	BB Count	Cyclomatic complexity	Functions reached	Reached by functions	Accumulated cyclomatic complexity	Undiscovered complexity

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/table_fuzzer.cc

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['addBackwardRuleWithSingleCell', 'parseCharsInternal', 'addForwardRuleWithSingleChar', 'getLogLevelFromEnvironment', 'getAChar', 'compileRule', 'getRuleDotsPattern', 'compileFile', 'rpl_free']

/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_backtranslate.c

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['finalizeCharacter', 'compileRule', '_lou_backTranslate', 'getLogLevelFromEnvironment', 'compileFile', 'getOpcode', 'lou_freeTableFiles']

/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_translate_generic.c

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['compileRule', 'for_selectRule', 'insertNumberSign', 'compileGrouping', 'finalizeCharacter', 'getLogLevelFromEnvironment', 'compilePassOpcode', 'compileFile']

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name	Function total lines	Lines covered at runtime	percentage covered	Reached by fuzzers
_lou_getTablePath	44	21	47.72%	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
resolveSubtable	66	23	34.84%	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
getLogLevelFromEnvironment	35	5	14.28%	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
finalizeCharacter	104	45	43.26%	['fuzz_translate_generic', 'fuzz_backtranslate']
replaceGrouping	50	21	42.0%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
markSyllables	66	10	15.15%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
resetsEmphMode	36	19	52.77%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
resolveEmphasisResets	122	64	52.45%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
for_selectRule	304	153	50.32%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
insertEmphasesAt	71	28	39.43%	['fuzz_translate_generic']
hyphenateWord	56	12	21.42%	['fuzz_translate_generic']

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file	Reached by	Covered by
	[]	[]
/src/liblouis/liblouis/metadata.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/pattern.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_translateString.c	['fuzz_translate_generic']	['fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/table_fuzzer.cc	['table_fuzzer']	['table_fuzzer']
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/stdexcept	[]	[]
/src/liblouis/liblouis/utils.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/free.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./internal.h	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	[]
/src/liblouis/liblouis/compileTranslationTable.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/lou_backTranslateString.c	['fuzz_backtranslate']	['fuzz_backtranslate']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/commonTranslationFunctions.c	['fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/liblouis/logging.c	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']	['table_fuzzer', 'fuzz_backtranslate', 'fuzz_translate_generic']
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_backtranslate.c	['fuzz_backtranslate']	['fuzz_backtranslate']
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/fuzz_translate_generic.c	['fuzz_translate_generic']	['fuzz_translate_generic']

Directories in report

Directory
/usr/local/bin/../include/c++/v1/
/src/liblouis/tests/fuzzing/
/src/liblouis/liblouis/
/src/liblouis/tools/gnulib/
/src/liblouis/liblouis/./