High level conclusions

Fuzzers reach 66.61% code coverage.

Reachability and coverage overview

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers

183 / 605

Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers

664 / 2090

Runtime code coverage of functions

403 / 605

Warning: The number of runtime covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that Fuzz Introspector found there are more functions covered at runtime than what is considered reachable based on the static analysis. This is a limitation in the analysis as anything covered at runtime is by definition reachable by the fuzzers.
This is likely due to a limitation in the static analysis. In this case, the count of functions covered at runtime is the true value, which means this is what should be considered "achieved" by the fuzzer.

Use the project functions table below to query all functions that were not covered at runtime.

The following table shows data about each function in the project. The functions included in this table correspond to all functions that exist in the executables of the fuzzers. As such, there may be functions that are from third-party libraries.

For further technical details on the meaning of columns in the below table, please see the Glossary .

Func name	Functions filename	Args	Function call depth	Reached by Fuzzers	Runtime reached by Fuzzers	Combined reached by Fuzzers	Fuzzers runtime hit	Func lines hit %	I Count	BB Count	Cyclomatic complexity	Functions reached	Reached by functions	Accumulated cyclomatic complexity	Undiscovered complexity

Fuzzer: page_extraction_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	215	22.9%
gold	[1:9]	0	0.0%
yellow	[10:29]	0	0.0%
greenyellow	[30:49]	0	0.0%
lawngreen	50+	721	77.0%
All colors	936	100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked	Calltree index	Parent function	Callsite	Largest blocked function
70	155	pdfminer.ascii85.asciihexdecode	call site: 00155	pdfminer.ccitt.ccittfaxdecode
20	635	pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map	call site: 00635	.enumerate
17	129	pdfminer.pdftypes.decompress_corrupted	call site: 00129	pdfminer.lzw.lzwdecode
10	802	pdfminer.layout.LTLayoutContainer.analyze	call site: 00802	obj0.is_voverlap
8	705	pdfminer.utils.choplist	call site: 00705	.enumerate
6	0	EP	call site: 00000	pdfminer.high_level.extract_pages
5	450	pdfminer.encodingdb.name2unicode	call site: 00450	.int
5	673	pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map	call site: 00673	io.BytesIO.seek
5	930	pdfminer.pdfinterp.PDFPageInterpreter.process_page	call site: 00930	pdfminer.pdfdevice.TagExtractor._write
4	16	pdfminer.utils.open_filename.__init__	call site: 00016	pdfminer.converter.PDFPageAggregator.__init__
4	384	pdfminer.utils.apply_matrix_rect	call site: 00384	.min
4	397	pdfminer.pdfinterp.PDFPageInterpreter.process_page	call site: 00397	pdfminer.pdfdevice.TagExtractor._write

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

466

Functions that are reachable but not covered

200

Reachable functions

344

Percentage of reachable functions covered

41.86%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/	1
...pdfminer.six.fuzzing.page_extraction_fuzzer	8
pdfminer.high_level	9
pdfminer.layout	68
pdfminer.utils	27
pdfminer.converter	12
pdfminer.pdfpage	30
pdfminer.pdfparser	3
pdfminer.psparser	7
pdfminer.pdfdocument	54
pdfminer.casting	8
pdfminer.pdftypes	31
pdfminer.lzw	12
pdfminer.ascii85	7
pdfminer.runlength	5
pdfminer.ccitt	35
pdfminer.pdfinterp	40
pdfminer.pdfdevice	4
pdfminer.pdffont	66
pdfminer.encodingdb	17
pdfminer.cmapdb	26

Fuzzer: extract_text_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	201	22.0%
gold	[1:9]	0	0.0%
yellow	[10:29]	0	0.0%
greenyellow	[30:49]	0	0.0%
lawngreen	50+	711	77.9%
All colors	912	100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked	Calltree index	Parent function	Callsite	Largest blocked function
67	135	pdfminer.ascii85.asciihexdecode	call site: 00135	pdfminer.ccitt.ccittfaxdecode
20	609	pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map	call site: 00609	.enumerate
17	109	pdfminer.pdftypes.decompress_corrupted	call site: 00109	pdfminer.lzw.lzwdecode
10	778	pdfminer.layout.LTLayoutContainer.analyze	call site: 00778	obj0.is_voverlap
8	679	pdfminer.utils.choplist	call site: 00679	.enumerate
5	424	pdfminer.encodingdb.name2unicode	call site: 00424	.int
5	647	pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map	call site: 00647	io.BytesIO.seek
4	353	pdfminer.pdfinterp.PDFPageInterpreter.process_page	call site: 00353	pdfminer.pdfdevice.TagExtractor._write
4	363	pdfminer.utils.apply_matrix_rect	call site: 00363	.min
4	907	pdfminer.high_level.extract_text	call site: 00907	fuzzing.fuzzed_data_provider.PdfminerFuzzedDataProvider.ConsumeMemoryFile
3	0	EP	call site: 00000	pdfminer.high_level.extract_text
3	214	pdfminer.utils.apply_tiff_predictor	call site: 00214	.range

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

466

Functions that are reachable but not covered

197

Reachable functions

338

Percentage of reachable functions covered

41.72%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/	1
...pdfminer.six.fuzzing.extract_text_fuzzer	7
pdfminer.high_level	10
pdfminer.layout	68
pdfminer.utils	27
pdfminer.converter	12
pdfminer.pdfpage	30
pdfminer.pdfparser	3
pdfminer.psparser	7
pdfminer.pdfdocument	47
pdfminer.pdftypes	31
pdfminer.lzw	12
pdfminer.ascii85	7
pdfminer.runlength	5
pdfminer.ccitt	32
pdfminer.pdfinterp	40
pdfminer.pdfdevice	4
pdfminer.pdffont	66
pdfminer.encodingdb	17
pdfminer.cmapdb	26
pdfminer.casting	7

Fuzzer: extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer

Call tree

The calltree shows the control flow of the fuzzer. This is overlaid with coverage information to display how much of the potential code a fuzzer can reach is in fact covered at runtime. In the following there is a link to a detailed calltree visualisation as well as a bitmap showing a high-level view of the calltree. For further information about these topics please see the glossary for full calltree and calltree overview

Call tree overview bitmap:

The distribution of callsites in terms of coloring is

Color	Runtime hitcount	Callsite count	Percentage
red	0	251	29.2%
gold	[1:9]	0	0.0%
yellow	[10:29]	0	0.0%
greenyellow	[30:49]	0	0.0%
lawngreen	50+	607	70.7%
All colors	858	100

Fuzz blockers

The following nodes represent call sites where fuzz blockers occur.

Amount of callsites blocked	Calltree index	Parent function	Callsite	Largest blocked function
67	196	pdfminer.ascii85.asciihexdecode	call site: 00196	pdfminer.ccitt.ccittfaxdecode
42	22	pdfminer.converter.PDFConverter._is_binary_stream	call site: 00022	pdfminer.pdfpage.PDFPage.get_pages
21	836	pdfminer.converter.PDFLayoutAnalyzer.end_page	call site: 00836	pdfminer.converter.HTMLConverter.close
20	673	pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map	call site: 00673	.enumerate
17	170	pdfminer.pdftypes.decompress_corrupted	call site: 00170	pdfminer.lzw.lzwdecode
11	0	EP	call site: 00000	pdfminer.high_level.extract_text_to_fp
8	743	pdfminer.utils.choplist	call site: 00743	.enumerate
5	488	pdfminer.encodingdb.name2unicode	call site: 00488	.int
5	711	pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map	call site: 00711	io.BytesIO.seek
4	422	pdfminer.utils.apply_matrix_rect	call site: 00422	.min
4	435	pdfminer.pdfinterp.PDFPageInterpreter.process_page	call site: 00435	pdfminer.pdfdevice.TagExtractor._write
3	275	pdfminer.utils.apply_tiff_predictor	call site: 00275	.range

Runtime coverage analysis

Covered functions

466

Functions that are reachable but not covered

185

Reachable functions

308

Percentage of reachable functions covered

39.94%

NB: The sum of covered functions and functions that are reachable but not covered need not be equal to Reachable functions . This is because the reachability analysis is an approximation and thus at runtime some functions may be covered that are not included in the reachability analysis. This is a limitation of our static analysis capabilities.

Warning: The number of covered functions are larger than the number of reachable functions. This means that there are more functions covered at runtime than are extracted using static analysis. This is likely a result of the static analysis component failing to extract the right call graph or the coverage runtime being compiled with sanitizers in code that the static analysis has not analysed. This can happen if lto/gold is not used in all places that coverage instrumentation is used.

Function name	source code lines	source lines hit	percentage hit

Files reached

filename	functions hit
/	1
...pdfminer.six.fuzzing.extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer	11
pdfminer.high_level	16
pdfminer.image	2
pdfminer.converter	31
pdfminer.pdfdevice	5
pdfminer.pdfpage	30
pdfminer.pdfparser	3
pdfminer.psparser	7
pdfminer.pdfdocument	54
pdfminer.casting	8
pdfminer.pdftypes	31
pdfminer.lzw	12
pdfminer.ascii85	7
pdfminer.runlength	5
pdfminer.ccitt	32
pdfminer.utils	17
pdfminer.pdfinterp	40
pdfminer.layout	6
pdfminer.pdffont	66
pdfminer.encodingdb	17
pdfminer.cmapdb	26

Optimal target analysis

Remaining optimal interesting functions

The following table shows a list of functions that are optimal targets. Optimal targets are identified by finding the functions that in combination, yield a high code coverage.

Func name	Functions filename	Arg count	Args	Function depth	hitcount	instr count	bb count	cyclomatic complexity	Reachable functions	Incoming references	total cyclomatic complexity	Unreached complexity
pdfminer.converter.HTMLConverter.receive_layout.render	pdfminer.converter	1	['N/A']	7	0	24	15	9	74	2	240	192
pdfminer.psparser.PSStackParser.nextobject	pdfminer.psparser	1	['N/A']	3	0	15	13	8	49	0	170	133
pdfminer.pdfdocument.PDFStandardSecurityHandlerV5.authenticate	pdfminer.pdfdocument	2	['N/A', 'N/A']	3	0	0	2	4	26	0	85	82
pdfminer.pdfinterp.PDFPageInterpreter.do_TJ	pdfminer.pdfinterp	2	['N/A', 'N/A']	3	0	2	2	4	33	3	109	70
pdfminer.pdfinterp.PDFPageInterpreter.do_Do	pdfminer.pdfinterp	2	['N/A', 'N/A']	4	0	8	4	5	39	0	126	47
pdfminer.pdfdocument.PDFDocument.getobj	pdfminer.pdfdocument	2	['N/A', 'N/A']	5	0	4	6	5	107	2	369	40
pdfminer.pdfdocument.PageLabels.labels	pdfminer.pdfdocument	1	['N/A']	3	0	2	3	4	24	0	82	38
pdfminer.cmapdb.CMapParser.do_keyword	pdfminer.cmapdb	3	['N/A', 'N/A', 'N/A']	3	0	27	29	15	48	0	168	36

Implementing fuzzers that target the above functions will improve reachability such that it becomes:

Functions statically reachable by fuzzers

285 / 605

Cyclomatic complexity statically reachable by fuzzers

1045 / 2090

All functions overview

If you implement fuzzers for these functions, the status of all functions in the project will be:

Func name	Functions filename	Args	Function call depth	Reached by Fuzzers	Runtime reached by Fuzzers	Combined reached by Fuzzers	Fuzzers runtime hit	Func lines hit %	I Count	BB Count	Cyclomatic complexity	Functions reached	Reached by functions	Accumulated cyclomatic complexity	Undiscovered complexity

This sections provides heuristics that can be used as input to a fuzz engine when running a given fuzz target. The current focus is on providing input that is usable by libFuzzer.

fuzzing/page_extraction_fuzzer.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['pdfminer.ascii85.asciihexdecode', 'pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map', 'pdfminer.pdftypes.decompress_corrupted', 'pdfminer.layout.LTLayoutContainer.analyze', 'pdfminer.utils.choplist', 'pdfminer.encodingdb.name2unicode', 'pdfminer.pdfinterp.PDFPageInterpreter.process_page', 'pdfminer.utils.open_filename.__init__']

fuzzing/extract_text_fuzzer.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['pdfminer.ascii85.asciihexdecode', 'pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map', 'pdfminer.pdftypes.decompress_corrupted', 'pdfminer.layout.LTLayoutContainer.analyze', 'pdfminer.utils.choplist', 'pdfminer.encodingdb.name2unicode', 'pdfminer.pdfinterp.PDFPageInterpreter.process_page', 'pdfminer.utils.apply_matrix_rect', 'pdfminer.high_level.extract_text']

fuzzing/extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer.py

Dictionary

Use this with the libFuzzer -dict=DICT.file flag

Fuzzer function priority

Use one of these functions as input to libfuzzer with flag: -focus_function name

-focus_function=['pdfminer.ascii85.asciihexdecode', 'pdfminer.converter.PDFConverter._is_binary_stream', 'pdfminer.converter.PDFLayoutAnalyzer.end_page', 'pdfminer.pdffont.TrueTypeFont.create_unicode_map', 'pdfminer.pdftypes.decompress_corrupted', 'pdfminer.utils.choplist', 'pdfminer.encodingdb.name2unicode', 'pdfminer.utils.apply_matrix_rect']

This section shows analysis of runtime coverage data.

For futher technical details on how this section is generated, please see the Glossary .

Complex functions with low coverage

Func name	Function total lines	Lines covered at runtime	percentage covered	Reached by fuzzers
pdfminer.converter.HTMLConverter.receive_layout.render	50	0	0.0%	[]
pdfminer.converter.XMLConverter.receive_layout.render	54	0	0.0%	[]
pdfminer.converter.HOCRConverter.receive_layout.render	36	0	0.0%	[]
pdfminer.pdffont.getdict	41	2	4.878%	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer']
pdfminer.pdffont.CFFFont.__init__	58	0	0.0%	[]
d.decompress	189	25	13.22%	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer']
pdfminer.fontmetrics.convert_font_metrics	46	13	28.26%	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer']
i.save	214	16	7.476%	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer']
pdfminer.jbig2.JBIG2StreamWriter.encode_retention_flags	32	0	0.0%	[]

This section shows which files and directories are considered in this report. The main reason for showing this is fuzz introspector may include more code in the reasoning than is desired. This section helps identify if too many files/directories are included, e.g. third party code, which may be irrelevant for the threat model. In the event too much is included, fuzz introspector supports a configuration file that can exclude data from the report. See the following link for more information on how to create a config file: link

Files in report

Source file	Reached by	Covered by
	[]	[]
pdfminer.latin_enc	[]	[]
itertools	[]	[]
hashlib	[]	[]
pdfminer.pdfparser	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
PIL	[]	[]
stringprep	[]	[]
pdfminer.high_level	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pickle	[]	[]
zlib	[]	[]
charset_normalizer	[]	[]
base64	[]	[]
heapq	[]	[]
pdfminer.cmapdb	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.fontmetrics	[]	[]
array	[]	[]
pdfminer.pdffont	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.image	['extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.pdftypes	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.psexceptions	[]	[]
pdfminer.pdfcolor	[]	[]
collections	[]	[]
...pdfminer.six.fuzzing.page_extraction_fuzzer	['page_extraction_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.pdfdocument	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.runlength	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.casting	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pygame	[]	[]
pdfminer.encodingdb	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.pdfdevice	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
html	[]	[]
math	[]	[]
pdfminer.pdfinterp	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.ascii85	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
warnings	[]	[]
io	[]	[]
...pdfminer.six.fuzzing.extract_text_fuzzer	['extract_text_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.psparser	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
os	[]	[]
pdfminer	[]	[]
cryptography	[]	[]
pdfminer.jbig2	[]	[]
...pdfminer.six.fuzzing.extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer	['extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
atheris	[]	[]
pdfminer.data_structures	[]	[]
pdfminer.layout	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.ccitt	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.glyphlist	[]	[]
pdfminer.converter	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.lzw	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.settings	[]	[]
importlib	[]	[]
typing	[]	[]
struct	[]	[]
logging	[]	[]
	[]	[]
pdfminer.utils	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer._saslprep	[]	[]
unicodedata	[]	[]
re	[]	[]
unittest	[]	[]
binascii	[]	[]
pdfminer.pdfpage	['page_extraction_fuzzer', 'extract_text_fuzzer', 'extract_text_to_fp_fuzzer']	[]
pdfminer.pdfexceptions	[]	[]
pdfminer.arcfour	[]	[]
gzip	[]	[]
fuzzing	[]	[]

Directories in report

Directory