{"schema_version":"1.9.0","id":"CVE-2025-59043","published":"2025-10-17T16:03:23.584Z","modified":"2026-08-12T03:51:45.847347853Z","aliases":["BIT-openbao-2025-59043","GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m","GO-2025-4039"],"related":["openSUSE-SU-2025:15710-1","openSUSE-SU-2026:21483-1"],"summary":"OpenBao vulnerable to denial of service via malicious JSON request processing","details":"OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. In OpenBao versions prior to 2.4.1, JSON objects after decoding may use significantly more memory than their serialized version. It is possible to craft a JSON payload to maximize the factor between serialized memory usage and deserialized memory usage, similar to a zip bomb, with factors reaching approximately 35. This can be used to circumvent the max_request_size configuration parameter which is intended to protect against denial of service attacks. The request body is parsed into a map very early in the request handling chain before authentication, which means an unauthenticated attacker can send a specifically crafted JSON object and cause an out-of-memory crash. Additionally, for requests with large numbers of strings, the audit subsystem can consume large quantities of CPU. The vulnerability is fixed in version 2.4.1.","affected":[{"ranges":[{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"efb9efa12f550e8322f3cec040862355e966f565"},{"fixed":"d418f238bc99adc72c73109faf574cc2b672880c"}],"database_specific":{"cpe":"cpe:2.3:a:openbao:openbao:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","extracted_events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.4.1"}],"source":["CPE_RANGE","REFERENCES"]}}],"versions":["v2.4.0","sdk/v2.4.0","api/v2.4.0","api/auth/userpass/v2.4.0","api/auth/ldap/v2.4.0","api/auth/kubernetes/v2.4.0","api/auth/jwt/v2.4.0","api/auth/approle/v2.4.0","v2.3.0-beta20250528","sdk/v2.3.0","api/v2.3.0","api/auth/userpass/v2.3.0","api/auth/ldap/v2.3.0","api/auth/kubernetes/v2.3.0","api/auth/approle/v2.3.0","dev-namespaces-base-20250424","dev-namespaces-base-20250311","v2.2.0-beta20250213","dev-namespaces-base-20250215","sdk/v2.2.0","api/v2.2.0","api/auth/userpass/v2.2.0","api/auth/ldap/v2.2.0","api/auth/kubernetes/v2.2.0","api/auth/approle/v2.2.0","v2.1.0-beta20241114.3","v2.1.0-beta20241114.2","v2.1.0-beta20241114.1","v2.1.0-beta20241114","sdk/v2.1.0","api/v2.1.0","v2.0.0","sdk/v2.0.1","api/v2.0.1","api/auth/userpass/v2.0.1","api/auth/ldap/v2.0.1","api/auth/kubernetes/v2.0.1","api/auth/approle/v2.0.1","v2.0.0-beta20240618","sdk/v1.100.0-development20240408","api/v1.100.0-development20240408","api/auth/userpass/v1.1.0-development20240408","api/auth/ldap/v1.1.0-development20240408","api/auth/kubernetes/v1.1.0-development20240408","api/auth/gcp/v1.1.0-development20240408","api/auth/azure/v1.1.0-development20240408","api/auth/aws/v1.1.0-development20240408","api/auth/approle/v1.1.0-development20240408","v2.0.0-alpha20240329","before-plugin-removal","api/auth/userpass/v0.4.1","api/auth/gcp/v0.4.1","api/auth/azure/v0.4.1","api/auth/aws/v0.4.1","api/auth/approle/v0.4.1","sdk/v0.9.1","api/v1.9.2","api/v1.9.1","sdk/v0.9.0","api/auth/userpass/v0.4.0","api/auth/gcp/v0.4.0","api/auth/azure/v0.4.0","api/auth/aws/v0.4.0","api/auth/approle/v0.4.0","sdk/v0.8.0","api/v1.9.0","api/v1.8.3","sdk/v0.7.0","sdk/v0.6.2","sdk/v0.6.1","api/v1.8.2","api/v1.8.1","api/auth/userpass/v0.3.0","api/auth/gcp/v0.3.0","api/auth/azure/v0.3.0","api/auth/aws/v0.3.0","api/auth/approle/v0.3.0","api/v1.8.0","sdk/v0.6.0","api/auth/userpass/v0.2.0","api/auth/gcp/v0.2.0","api/auth/azure/v0.2.0","api/auth/aws/v0.2.0","api/auth/approle/v0.2.0","sdk/v0.5.3","api/v1.7.2","sdk/v0.5.1","api/v1.7.1","api/v1.7.0","api/v1.6.0","sdk/v0.5.0","api/v1.5.0","sdk/v0.4.1","api/v1.3.1","api/auth/approle/v0.1.1","api/auth/gcp/v0.1.0","api/auth/azure/v0.1.0","api/auth/userpass/v0.1.0","api/auth/aws/v0.1.0","api/auth/approle/v0.1.0","sdk/v0.3.0","api/v1.2.0","api/v1.1.1","sdk/v0.2.1","api/v1.0.4","sdk/v0.1.13","api/v1.0.3","sdk/v0.1.12","sdk/v0.1.11","sdk/v0.1.10","api/v1.0.2","sdk/v0.1.9","api/v1.0.1","sdk/v0.1.8"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2025-59043.json"}}],"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/blob/788536bd3e10818a7b4fb00aac6affc23388e5a9/http/logical.go#L50"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/59xxx/CVE-2025-59043.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-g46h-2rq9-gw5m"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59043"},{"type":"FIX","url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/d418f238bc99adc72c73109faf574cc2b672880c"},{"type":"FIX","url":"https://github.com/openbao/openbao/pull/1756"}],"database_specific":{"cna_assigner":"GitHub_M","cwe_ids":["CWE-400"],"osv_generated_from":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/59xxx/CVE-2025-59043.json"},"severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}]}