{"schema_version":"1.9.0","id":"GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx","published":"2025-04-25T15:12:44Z","modified":"2026-09-10T03:50:23.729352496Z","aliases":["CVE-2023-32198","GO-2025-3648"],"summary":"Steve doesn’t verify a server’s certificate and is susceptible to man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks","details":"### Impact\nA vulnerability has been identified in Steve where by default it was using an insecure option that did not validate the certificate presented by the remote server while performing a TLS connection. This could allow the execution of a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack against services using Steve.\n\nFor example, Rancher relies on Steve as a dependency for its user interface (UI) to proxy requests to Kubernetes clusters. Users who have the permission to create a service in Rancher’s local cluster can take over Rancher’s UI and display their own UI to gather sensitive information. This is only possible when the setting `ui-offline-preferred` is manually set to `remote` (by default Rancher sets it to `dynamic`). This enables further attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS), or tampering the UI to collect passwords from other users etc.\n\nPlease consult the associated  [MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - Adversary-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557/) for further information about this category of attack.\n\n### Patches\nPatched versions of Steve include releases `v0.2.1`, `v0.3.3`, `v0.4.4` and `v0.5.13`.\n\nThis vulnerability is addressed by changing Steve to always verify a server’s certificate based on Go’s TLS settings.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf you can't upgrade to a fixed version, please make sure that you are only using Steve to connect to trusted servers.\n\n### References\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n- Reach out to the [SUSE Rancher Security team](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/security/policy) for security related inquiries.\n- Open an issue in the [Rancher](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/issues/new/choose) repository.\n- Verify with our [support matrix](https://www.suse.com/suse-rancher/support-matrix/all-supported-versions/) and [product support lifecycle](https://www.suse.com/lifecycle/).","affected":[{"package":{"name":"github.com/rancher/steve","ecosystem":"Go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/rancher/steve"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0.2.0"},{"fixed":"0.2.1"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/04/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx.json"}},{"package":{"name":"github.com/rancher/steve","ecosystem":"Go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/rancher/steve"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0.3.0"},{"fixed":"0.3.3"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/04/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx.json"}},{"package":{"name":"github.com/rancher/steve","ecosystem":"Go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/rancher/steve"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0.4.0"},{"fixed":"0.4.4"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/04/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx.json"}},{"package":{"name":"github.com/rancher/steve","ecosystem":"Go","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/rancher/steve"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0.5.0"},{"fixed":"0.5.13"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2025/04/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx.json"}}],"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/rancher/steve/security/advisories/GHSA-95fc-g4gj-mqmx"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/rancher/steve"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3648"}],"database_specific":{"cwe_ids":["CWE-295"],"github_reviewed":true,"github_reviewed_at":"2025-04-25T15:12:44Z","nvd_published_at":null,"severity":"HIGH"},"severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"}]}