Description
Calvin cycle: RuBisCO fixes CO2 onto ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, the 3-phosphoglycerate product is reduced using ATP and NADPH to G3P, and most G3P is used to regenerate RuBP while a fraction is exported to make sugars.
Process Flowchart
graph TD
N1["CO2 enters stroma"]
N2["RuBisCO fixes CO2 to RuBP"]
N3["3-phosphoglycerate"]
N4["ATP -> 1,3-BPG"]
N5["NADPH -> G3P"]
N6{"Enough G3P to export?"}
N7["G3P -> sugars"]
N8["Regenerate RuBP (ATP)"]
N9["RuBP ready"]
N1 --> N2
N2 --> N3
N3 --> N4
N4 --> N5
N5 --> N6
N6 -->|export| N7
N6 -->|regenerate| N8
N8 --> N9
N9 -->|next fixation| N2
style N1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style N2 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style N3 fill:#74c0fc,color:#fff
style N4 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N6 fill:#74c0fc,color:#fff
style N7 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff
style N8 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N9 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
Node provenance
Each step below is grounded in a cited source (hover a citation for the full title).
| Step | Role | Source |
|---|---|---|
| CO2 enters stroma | Triggers & Inputs | Bassham, J. A. et al. 1950 |
| RuBisCO fixes CO2 to RuBP | Structures & Objects | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| 3-phosphoglycerate | Intermediates & States | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| ATP -> 1,3-BPG | Processing & Operations | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| NADPH -> G3P | Processing & Operations | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| Enough G3P to export? | Intermediates & States | Raines, C. A. 2003 |
| G3P -> sugars | Products & Outputs | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| Regenerate RuBP (ATP) | Processing & Operations | Raines, C. A. 2003 |
| RuBP ready | Processing & Operations | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
🎨 Color Scheme (5-Color System)
Red
Triggers & Inputs
Triggers & Inputs
Yellow
Structures & Objects
Structures & Objects
Green
Processing & Operations
Processing & Operations
Blue
Intermediates & States
Intermediates & States
Violet
Products & Outputs
Products & Outputs
Process Statistics
- Nodes: 9
- Edges: 9
- Conditionals: 1
- AND Gates: 1
- OR Gates: 1
- Total Gates: 2
Keywords
- calvin cycle
- rubisco
- carbon fixation
- rubp
- g3p
Sources & References
-
Biochemistry, 5th ed. — The Calvin Cycle
Berg, J. M.; Tymoczko, J. L.; Stryer, L. , W. H. Freeman (NCBI Bookshelf, Chapter 20) (2002)
View Source -
The path of carbon in photosynthesis
Bassham, J. A.; Benson, A. A.; Calvin, M. , Journal of Biological Chemistry (1950)
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)45228-9 -
The Calvin cycle revisited
Raines, C. A. , Photosynthesis Research (2003)
DOI: 10.1023/A:1022421515027