Description
Calvin cycle: stroma of chloroplasts. Fixes CO2 into organic carbon using ATP and NADPH from light reactions. Three phases: carboxylation (RuBisCO fixes CO2 onto RuBP), reduction (3-PGA → G3P), regeneration of RuBP. Produces 3-carbon sugars (G3P) for biosynthesis; some G3P exits for sucrose/starch synthesis.
Pathway Flowchart
Color Scheme (6-Color System)
Triggers & Inputs
Structures & Objects
Processing & Operations
Intermediates & States
Products & Outputs
Decision Diamonds (OR/AND)
This flowchart is based on verified biochemical data from peer-reviewed literature. All enzymatic steps, intermediates, and cofactor requirements have been validated against primary research sources. The model represents the current scientific consensus on the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle. The OR gate represents the branch point: G3P can either regenerate RuBP (cycle continues) or exit as product (sucrose, starch).
| Process ID | pathways-calvin-cycle |
| Created | 2026-03-15 |
| Verified | ✅ Yes |
| Last Updated | 2026-03-15 |
Nodes: 15 | Edges: 15 | OR Gates: 1 | AND Gates: 0
OR gate: Output or Regenerate? (one in, two out). Sequential AND: CO2 and RuBP both required for carboxylation; ATP and NADPH for reduction.