Description
Glycolysis: glucose is invested with two ATP and committed at phosphofructokinase-1, split into triose phosphates, then oxidized to yield NADH and a net two ATP and two pyruvate, with PFK-1 allosterically gated by the cell's energy charge.
Process Flowchart
graph TD
N1["Glucose"]
N2["Hexokinase -> G6P"]
N3["Isomerize -> F6P"]
N4["PFK-1 -> F1,6BP"]
N5["Aldolase: 2 triose-P"]
N6["GAPDH: NAD+ -> NADH"]
N7["Payoff: ATP via PGK/PK"]
N8{"Energy charge high?"}
N9["2 Pyruvate (net 2 ATP)"]
N1 --> N2
N2 --> N3
N3 --> N4
N4 --> N5
N5 --> N6
N6 --> N7
N7 --> N8
N8 -->|ATP high: inhib…| N4
N8 -->|proceed| N9
style N1 fill:#ff6b6b,color:#fff
style N2 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N3 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N4 fill:#ffd43b,color:#000
style N5 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N6 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N7 fill:#51cf66,color:#fff
style N8 fill:#74c0fc,color:#fff
style N9 fill:#b197fc,color:#fff
Node provenance
Each step below is grounded in a cited source (hover a citation for the full title).
| Step | Role | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Glucose | Triggers & Inputs | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| Hexokinase -> G6P | Processing & Operations | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| Isomerize -> F6P | Processing & Operations | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| PFK-1 -> F1,6BP | Structures & Objects | Bar-Even, A. et al. 2012 |
| Aldolase: 2 triose-P | Processing & Operations | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| GAPDH: NAD+ -> NADH | Processing & Operations | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| Payoff: ATP via PGK/PK | Processing & Operations | Berg, J. M. et al. 2002 |
| Energy charge high? | Intermediates & States | Lunt, S. Y. et al. 2011 |
| 2 Pyruvate (net 2 ATP) | Products & Outputs | Bar-Even, A. et al. 2012 |
🎨 Color Scheme (5-Color System)
Red
Triggers & Inputs
Triggers & Inputs
Yellow
Structures & Objects
Structures & Objects
Green
Processing & Operations
Processing & Operations
Blue
Intermediates & States
Intermediates & States
Violet
Products & Outputs
Products & Outputs
Process Statistics
- Nodes: 9
- Edges: 9
- Conditionals: 1
- AND Gates: 1
- OR Gates: 1
- Total Gates: 2
Keywords
- glycolysis
- phosphofructokinase
- atp
- pyruvate
- nadh
Sources & References
-
Biochemistry, 5th ed. — Glycolysis Is an Energy-Conversion Pathway
Berg, J. M.; Tymoczko, J. L.; Stryer, L. , W. H. Freeman (NCBI Bookshelf, Section 16.1) (2002)
View Source -
Rethinking glycolysis: on the biochemical logic of metabolic pathways
Bar-Even, A.; Flamholz, A.; Noor, E.; Milo, R. , Nature Chemical Biology (2012)
DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.971 -
Aerobic glycolysis: meeting the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation
Lunt, S. Y.; Vander Heiden, M. G. , Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology (2011)
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-092910-154237