Wendy's old washing machine could only wash 8.0 pieces of clothing at a time. If she had to wash 39.0 shirts and 33.0 sweaters, how many loads would she have to do? Answer:

Answer: I want to study doctor, know medicine.
Answer: Literacy is a person who went to school, education is a person who went to school.
Answer: I see myself with great potential, during that time I see myself working in a hospital.
Answer: I admire the president of America (Barack Obama).
Answer: My dream is to be a doctor in the future.

Answer: I will like to be a nurse.
Answer: Literacy is to be able to read and write, while education mean to be able to attain knowledge and be someone in the future.
Answer: I will be someone to help my family and other people.
Answer: My teachers, they help me to acquire knowledge.
Answer: To become a Lawyer.

Question: There are 5 frogs, 1 die. How many left?
Answer: 5, because the dead frogs are still in the pond.

10% of newly married men will have this happen in the first 3 months?
Answer: Lose their Wedding Ring!
Congratulations to Darlene Schepers of Jasper, Indiana for being the SMARTEST PERSON ON THE PLANET this morning and winning a FREE Original Grand Slam from Denny’s in Jasper!

Answer: I want to study about medicines.
Answer: Literacy is a person that got educated. Education is a person that educates.
Answer: 10 years from now, I want to see my self in a hospital treating people.
Answer: My aunt is my hero because she went and took me from the village and bring me to the city for me to get educated.
Answer: My dream is to be educated. I want to become a doctor when I grow up.

What tech does the Department of Homeland Security want to implement to improve border security?
What tech does the Department of Homeland Security want to implement to improve border security?
Answer: Facial scanning and recognition.
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) may be taking a page out of Apple’s book when it comes to identification and security. Apple’s latest and greatest iPhone, the iPhone X, boasts facial recognition technology that will make proving yourself to your phone more convenient than ever — all you have to do is look at it. DHS wants to provide similar levels of convenience to travelers crossing U.S. borders.
“This call is looking for innovative solutions to capture facial recognition quality photos from travelers in order to facilitate identity checks without requiring occupants to leave the vehicle,” said the call for proposals.
DHS’ Silicon Valley office will host an “industry day” on Nov. 14 in order to explore opportunities for making this idea a reality. According to the call for proposals, DHS wants the system to be able to reliably identify occupants of a vehicle even when their faces are obscured by hats or sunglasses, or turned away from the camera.

41. Kathleen and Glenn decide that this is the year to begin getting serious about saving for their retirement by participating in their employers' 401k plans. As aresult, they each have $3000 of their salary set aside in their qualified plans.
0*0.20 = 800. Answer: $800. b. Joel is under 18 at the end of the year, so he is not eligible for the credit. Answer: $0.

We start with four boxes. We divide these four boxes by two. This means: how many groups of two can we make with the four boxes that we have? Answer: 2.
We start with ten boxes. We divide these ten boxes by two. This means: how many groups of two can we make with the ten boxes that we have? Answer: 5.
We start with twenty-two boxes. We divide these twenty-two boxes by two. This means: how many groups of two can we make with the twenty-two boxes that we have? Answer: 11.

Answer:Depends if i have other activities, mostly all day in l2.
Answer:dont have, can try to search RPG club oly videos.
Had a pretty lengthy talk with the guy, by the looks of it he clearly knows what hes doing and should a good addition. Also Tealc vouched for him.
Well if Tealc vouched for him, its all good. And we were kinda looking for at least 1 tank.

How many positions are there in BJJ? Answer: an infinite amount.
I have had this conversation with Rigan Machado several times - and I always found it interesting.
And eventually down the rabbit-hole we go - every step in the transition from one position to another could be deemed a micro-position in it’s own right. And he (or she who masters the most positions, wins most of the contests. It’s a simple idea - but one that I must admit, eluded me for quite some time. I hope it helps.

Answer: You can sleep but not immediately after having lunch.
Answer: Hi dear, Yes,why not.sleep whenever you feel.like and importantly whenever you get time.as post delivery it is difficult to get sleep.so if you like to sleep in afternoon you can and infact it will boost your energy too.
Question: Mam can I sleep afternoon..?
Answer: Hi dear, yes you can sleep when ever you get time and you feel tired, but don't take complete bed rest if your pregnancy is healthy , do some walk to be fit in pregnancy.
Question: Can i sleep during afternoon?

When I watch videos of people practicing kendo I often hear them make weird sounds. What is that sound for?
Answer: Thanks for your question. I am not sure what kinds of sounds you are referring to. Can you be more specific?

Answer: What have you asked??
Answer: Bcoz all questions ans not given by dr some ans are given by some pregnant women . May b they don't know about your problem that's why you not get your questions answers.

It is 37.7 miles according to Google Maps.
How far is Santa Barbara California from Oxnard California?
Answer: Santa Barbara is about a 45-50 minute drive from Oxnard.

what are the skills needed to play kendo?
what are the skills needed to play kendo?
What types of skills are needed to play kendo?
Answer: Thank you for your question. This is a very hard question. You do not need any specific skills to do kendō. Anyone can do kendō if they are determined.

Who Can You When Selling an Inherited Home?
After a loved one passes away and leaves you an inherited property, it’s often challenging to decide what to do. One option you have is to live in the home you’ve inherited. But that might not be right for you for a few different reasons.
What if you already own a home? It may not make since to pack up your belongings and move, when you’re already a homeowner. Secondly, what if your property inheritance brings up bad memories? It might be too hard for you to live in your loved one’s space, while surrounded by their possessions. In either of these cases, you’re left with alternative choices about how to manage your inheritance.
If you want to keep the property, you could become a landlord and try to rent the property to someone else. But what happens if the property isn’t ready for renters, or you simply don’t enjoy being a landlord? These considerations are time-consuming and costly, so it’s important to think about them before putting your home for rent.
Finally, you have the option to sell the house. Yet, even this process can quickly become tiring. It requires that you find someone trustworthy to sell your home.Afterward, completing the sale of your inherited property can take months to complete and requires a lot of negotiation.Not to mention all the other problems you can face during the homebuying process. In fact, there are many horror stories about people who take advantage of those who are grieving, which makes selling property a scary process.
It’s important to consider all your options and find someone to work with who is experienced and trustworthy. Let’s look at all your options decide what’s right for you and your family.
There are three options you can take after you inherit a property. You can either live in the house, rent it out, or sell it. But which is the right fit for you?Here are some important factors to consider.
Should I Live In Or Rent Out My Inherited Property?
Property inheritance can go from a blessing to a financial burden quickly if the property you’ve inherited has a mortgage balance. So, how do you know whether a mortgage balance on your inherited property will affect you? Well, it all depends on your relationship with the person you’ve inherited property from.In the worst-case scenario, the mortgage loan may become due within a few months.
Here’s how to know whether your inherited property might become a financial burden. First, if you’ve inherited property from a non-relative and there’s a mortgage, there’s a good chance that your balance is due in full after the probate process finalizes.
Second, if you’ve inherited property from a relative that has undergone a reverse mortgage, you’ll need to pay the loan amount in full to keep the property. Both of these situations may force you to pay tens of thousands to keep the property you inherited.
Now, let’s say that neither of these cases are the situation you’re in. If you’re inheriting from a relative whose property is under a mortgage contract, in most cases you should be able to assume their loan. However, there’s always a chance that the home is underwater in value, or that it’s not ready to rent out or move into.
After figuring out whether you can financially assume the responsibility of the inherited property, it’s necessary to determine whether you want to live in the property at all. There’s added financial pressure of maintaining an additional home if you already own one. In addition, you may not want to live in the inherited property because of location, style, or even the memories that you have of the home. In any of cases, you may decide the best option is to sell your home fast. But even selling an inherited home is more work than most people expect.
Should I Sell An Inherited Home?
So, what are some of the things you must worry about while selling your home traditionally? First off, you should determine whether the inherited property needs work. If so, getting your property ready for sale requires both time and a considerable amount of money. Either of these might not be options in your current situation.
Next, you need to learn whether the property is ready for sale on the open market. Aside from getting a property market ready, there are additional processes you must follow to sell an inherited home. For instance, you need to complete the probate process and file taxes. In addition, it’s necessary to determine whether the sales cost will cover any mortgage loans, tax liens, and judgements too.
The traditional sales process already takes a long time. However, completing any of the above processes, or not being able to pay all the financial obligations after the sale makes the process more complicated and lengthy. Luckily, there are ways to deal with these downsides.
If You Want to Sell Your House Fast, You Need to Find Someone You Can Trust.
Sometimes selling an inherited home is the best option, yet it’s impossible to sell your property on the market. This could be for financial reasons or due to time limitations. If you find yourself in this bind, the best option is to sell your property to a home buying company.
Perhaps you’re already considering selling an inherited property through a home buying company, but it’s not always easy to know which company you can trust. This is especially the case if you’ve heard some of the popular horror stories about working with real estate investors.
It’s important to work with a company that’s not only reputable, but one that is long-standing within the community as well. Otherwise, you can potentially fall for a scam and put your inheritance at risk.
There are many homeowners out there that need to sell their property quickly. Some are even in a similar situation, where they’ve inherited property like you. Either they’re trying to avoid a sizable mortgage payment due soon, or they’re just eager to sell and move on with life.
Why Is Important To Work With Someone You Trust After You’ve Inherited Property?
Unfortunately, there are many horror stories about homeowners trusting their property to the wrong people. After all, high emotions, mixed with the need to sell a property quickly can attract predatory investors. These untrustworthy people are ruthless and will use any technique possible to trick you out of your home and your equity.
Perhaps you’ve heard of the old bait and switch and maybe you personally know someone it’s happened to. It begins when a couple investors come to your neighborhood looking for potential investment properties. Your home just happens to meet all their criteria, and you’re eager to sell.
These investors spend time with you at the home and begin building your trust. After a few days, they make an offer that’s almost too good to be true. A bit later, they present the written contract, to formalize the process. They inform you that the contract is exactly as was discussed previously. So, you quickly read over the contract, and you sign.
Not too long after, you’re told that the document requirements have changed, someone lost the paperwork, or you’re given another excuse. Each time this happens, you sign new documents, paying less attention to the terms each time.
Right before you’re supposed to close, you sign a final document, that’s different from the original verbal agreement. Next thing you know, you’re out of the house you’ve inherited and the equity your loved one has built up. All because you were duped out of a good contract by professional scammers.
These scam techniques are unfortunately all too common. But if you learn how to sell your house fast using a trusted company, you can avoid this and other house scams altogether. Here are some things you should know before working with a home buying company.
Avoid companies that ask you to do anything that seems out of the ordinary.
The most unethical practices include asking you to transfer your deed, while you retain ownership of the mortgage. This is a huge warning sign that you’re not working with a reputable company. If this is the case, the individual you’re dealing with is trying to take ownership of your property, while leaving you the bill.
Another red flag is when an investor asks you to pay fees out of pocket before a sale or sales process can begin. Remember, you’re the one selling property to the buyer, not the other way around. You shouldn’t have to pay for any process up front, if it’s a legitimate transaction.
Check whether you’re working with a legitimate company.
Does the company you’re working with have a business address that you can visit? Is it registered with the Secretary of State where you live? How long has the business been operating? If the company is legitimate, you’ll have answers to all three of these questions. If you can’t find the answers to these questions, there’s a good chance that you’re not working with a legitimate company that will have your best interests at heart.
Determine whether the home buying company is trustworthy.
You can discover whether a home buying company is trustworthy starting with a simple web search. If the company is trustworthy, you’ll likely find plenty of web resources. Look specifically for a professionally designed website with plenty of resources and its own Better Business Bureau page. You should also notice whether the company has other profiles on social sites like Yelp, Google, and Facebook. By looking at the company’s different online profiles, you’ll understand whether it’s an established business that’s run professionally.
How can you decide between different home buying companies out there? It really comes down to trust. But how do you know what a company is trustworthy just by looking at their online profiles? The truth is, you must do some investigating of your own. Just a little research can save you time, money, and headache in the future.
Read testimonials from past clients. You should specifically look for plenty of happy customers and pay attention to those with criticisms about the company. It’s important to look for testimonials on other sites, as it’s possible that companies create fake reviews. After you read any reviews, ask the company for contact information from previous clients.
Discover how long the company has been operating. You want to work with home buyers that have a proven track record. They should also have consistent results of buying houses from people who have inherited property. Talk to the home buying company and figure out how many homeowners they’ve purchased from within the past year. This will tell you whether they have the experience, and capital, to buy your home as well.
When you inherit property from a loved one, you have many different options. Some of you may want to live in or rent out your home. Or, for a variety of reasons you might prefer to sell your property.
For those looking to sell quickly, it’s important to find a reputable home buying company that will guide you through the complicated process during difficult times. The best way to do this is by looking at each homebuying company to discover how long they’ve been in business, how they can help you, and what their reputation is in the community.
However, all home buying companies are not equal. Some don’t have the expertise to understand how to buy an inherited property. Therefore, it’s important not only to find a company that’s trustworthy, but one that knows how to sell your house.
If you want an experienced property inheritance team that can help you with your unique situation, go with a company like Express Homebuyers. We buy houses quickly and for a fair price. That way, you don’t need to wait months for the traditional home buying process to drag on. Plus, we’ve purchased over 2,500 homes since 2003 and can help you with selling an inherited home too. Get in touch with us and receive an all cash offer in as few as just a few minutes.

Welcome to the DayNursery-uk.com information page for Kiddieshack Private Nursery, Wishaw.
Kiddieshack Private Nursery is a registered Day Nursery with 35 childcare places for children aged between 0 years and 5 years. Kiddieshack Private Nursery is registered with North Lanarkshire Local Authority.
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Example 1: A customer wants to buy $6.33 of food in a store. About how much change will he receive from a $10 bill if the cashier has no pennies and no nickels?
Analysis: Estimate the difference between $10.00 and $6.33 by rounding to the nearest tenth (dime).
Answer: The customer will receive about $3.70 in change from the cashier.
Estimation is a good tool for making a rough calculation. It is also used to determine if an answer is reasonable. For example, if the cashier had given the customer 40 cents ($0.40), he could have used estimation to identify her mistake: The customer would make a rough calculation and realize that the cashier is off by a factor of 10. This is an important life skill to have! Without the ability to estimate, a consumer can get short-changed! Let's look at some more examples of estimating decimal differences.
Example 2: Two students estimated the difference of these decimals: 18.32 - 4.689 as shown below. Which student's estimate was reasonable? Explain your answer.
Student 1 rounded to the nearest ten and got an estimated difference of 20.
Student 2 rounded to the nearest one and got an estimated difference of 13.
Answer: Student 1 had an estimate of 20, and 20 is greater than 18.32. This estimate is unreasonable since it is more than either of the original numbers. When estimating a difference, the estimate should not exceed the original numbers. Student 2 had a reasonable estimate since it did not exceed the original numbers.
Note that in the examples above, estimation is used to determine if an answer is reasonable, not to find an exact answer. Let's look at some more examples of estimating decimal differences.
Answer: Rounding to the nearest one, we get an estimated difference of 32.
Analysis: Rounding to the nearest hundredth does not help us to get a rough calculation. For this problem, it is easier to round to the nearest ten.
Analysis: Let's try rounding to the nearest ten.
Answer: Rounding to the nearest ten, we get an estimated difference of 30.
Analysis: Rounding to the nearest tenth does not help us to get a rough calculation. For this problem, it is easier to round to the nearest one.
Analysis: Let's try rounding to the nearest one.
Answer: Rounding to the nearest one, we get an estimated difference of 12.
Analysis: Rounding to the nearest thousandth does not help us to get a rough calculation. For this problem, it is easier to round to the nearest tenth.
Analysis: Let's try rounding to the nearest tenth.
Answer: Rounding to the nearest tenth, we get an estimated difference of 25.
Analysis: Rounding to the nearest hundredth does not help us to get a rough calculation. For this problem, it is easier to round to the nearest one.
Analysis: Let's try rounding to the nearest one.
Answer: Rounding to the nearest one, we get an estimated difference of 5.
In Examples 4 through 7, we estimated using trial and error. If rounding to one place did not work, we tried rounding to another place. In general, it is easier to estimate decimal differences by rounding to the nearest one.
Example 8: Maria has $4. Will she be able to buy a sandwich for $1.89, fruit salad for $0.79, and milk for $0.89?
Estimate: Rounding each number up to the nearest one (dollar), we get an estimate of $4.
Answer: Yes: each number was rounded up, resulting in an overestimate of $4.
Example 9: Mark owes his brother $13.25. About how much change will he receive from a $20 bill?
Analysis: Since no place-value was specified, we can round to any place that yields a reasonable estimate.
Estimate 1: Rounding to the nearest one (dollar), Mark will receive about $7 in change from his brother.
Estimate 2: Rounding to the nearest tenth (dime), Mark will receive about $6.70 in change from his brother.
Example 10: Refer to the estimates in Example 9 to answer the questions below.
a) Is Estimate 1 an overestimate or an underestimate? Explain your answer.
Answer: Overestimate: $7 is greater than the actual difference of $6.75.
b) Is Estimate 2 an overestimate or an underestimate? Explain your answer.
Answer: Underestimate: $6.70 is less than the actual difference of $6.75.
Summary: In this lesson, we learned how to estimate decimal differences. When estimating a difference, the estimate should not exceed the original numbers. Estimation can be used to determine if an answer is reasonable. Estimation is an important life skill to have. Without it, a consumer can get short-changed. Sometimes estimation requires a little trial and error.
1. Estimate the difference of $9.67 and $6.19 by rounding to the nearest one (dollar).
2. Estimate the difference of 2.995 and 1.997 by rounding to the nearest hundredth.
3. Estimate the difference of 63.7943 and 24.2581 by rounding to the nearest ten.
4. The difference of two decimals is 47.8943. If Robin overestimated the difference, then which of the following estimates did she use?
5. Carolyn paid 15.98 for a DVD. About how much change should she get from a $50 bill?

Question: How Can Parents Keep Track Of Where Their Kids Hang Out?
Answer: Hopefully, the lines of communication between you and your teen are open enough so that they can tell you where they are going. There are cellphone apps that allow you to keep track of where your children are.

This D color, IF clarity, and Super Ideal make (cut) certified loose diamond comes with a report from the GIA.
Carat is the unit of weight of a diamond. Your diamond is 2.82 ct. – significantly heavier than the average purchased carat weight of 0.90 ct.


Debby's class is going on a field trip to the zoo. If each van can hold 4.0 people and there are 2.0 students and 6.0 adults going, how many vans will they need? Answer:

Out of sixty students, there are 14 who are taking Economics and 29 who are taking Calculus. What is the probability that a randomly chosen student from this group is taking only the Calculus class ?
Out of sixty students, there are 14 who are taking Economics and 29 who are taking Calculus. What is the probability that a randomly chosen student from this group is taking only the Calculus class ?
Answer : 2 7/15 Explanation : Answer: B) 7/15 Explanation: Given total students in the class = 60Students who are taking Economics = 24 andStudents who are taking Calculus = 32Students who are taking both subjects = 60-(24 32) = 60 - 56 = 4Students who are taking calculus only = 32 - 4 = 28probability that a randomly chosen student from this group is taking only the Calculus class = 28/60 = 7/15.

How many white dots should there be on the wings of the last ladybug?
Answer:Three. The difference between the number of black and white dots is always two. The last ladybug should have three white dots.

Question: To dye a single Easter egg takes 7.5 minutes if you leave it in dye. How long would it take to dye 3 eggs?
Answer: 7.5 minutes. Do them all at once.

The More You Have, The Less You See. What is it?
The More You Have, The Less You See. What is it?
Answer : 2 Darkness Explanation : Answer: B) Darkness Explanation: The More You Have the Darkness, The Less You See i.e, visible less.

There are 209 doctors and nurses in a hospital. If the ratio of the doctors to the nurses is 11 : 8, then how many nurses are there in the hospital?
There are 209 doctors and nurses in a hospital. If the ratio of the doctors to the nurses is 11 : 8, then how many nurses are there in the hospital?
Answer : 1 88 Explanation : Answer: A) 88 Explanation: Given,The ratio of the doctors to the nurses is 11 : 8Number of nurses = 8/19 x 209 = 88.

Hemavathi cut a cake into two halves and cuts one half into smaller pieces of equal size. Each of the small pieces is fifteen grams in weight. If she has nine pieces of the cake in all with her, how heavy was the original cake ?
Hemavathi cut a cake into two halves and cuts one half into smaller pieces of equal size. Each of the small pieces is fifteen grams in weight. If she has nine pieces of the cake in all with her, how heavy was the original cake ?
Answer : 1 240 gms Explanation : Answer: A) 240 gms Explanation: The nine pieces consist of 8 smaller equal pieces and one half cake piece.Weight of each small piece = 15 g.So, total weight of the cake = [2 x (15 x 8)]g = 240 g.

We start with six boxes. We divide these six boxes by three. This means: how many groups of three can we make with the six boxes that we have? Answer: 2.
We start with eighteen boxes. We divide these eighteen boxes by three. This means: how many groups of three can we make with the eighteen boxes that we have? Answer: 6.
We start with thirty-six boxes. We divide these thirty-six boxes by three. This means: how many groups of three can we make with the thirty-six boxes that we have? Answer: 12.

Jellyfish are free-swimming members of the phylum Cnidaria. They have several different basic morphologies that represent several different cnidarian classes including the Scyphozoa (about 200 species), Staurozoa (about 50 species), Cubozoa (about 20 species), and Hydrozoa (about 1000-1500 species that make jellyfish and many more that do not). The jellyfish in these groups are also called, respectively, scyphomedusae, stauromedusae, cubomedusae, and hydromedusae; medusa (plural medusae) is another word for jellyfish. Jellyfish are found in every ocean, from the surface to the deep sea. Some hydrozoan jellyfish, or hydromedusae, are also found in fresh water. Most of the information about jellyfish that follows in this article is about scyphozoan jellyfish, or scyphomedusae. These are the big, often colorful, jellyfish that are common in coastal zones worldwide.
In its broadest sense, the term jellyfish is sometimes used also to refer to members of the phylum Ctenophora. Although not closely related to cnidarian jellyfish, ctenophores are also free-swimming planktonic carnivores, are also generally transparent or translucent, and occur in shallow to deep portions of all the world's oceans. Ctenophores move using eight rows of fused cilia that beat in metachronal waves that diffract light, so that they sparkle with all of the colors of the rainbow. The rest of this article deals only with jellyfish in the phylum Cnidaria.
Jellyfish don't have specialized digestive, osmoregulatory, central nervous, respiratory, or circulatory systems. They digest using the gastrodermal lining of the gastrovascular cavity, where nutrients are absorbed. They do not need a respiratory system since their skin is thin enough that the body is oxygenated by diffusion. They have limited control over movement, but can use their hydrostatic skeleton accomplish movement through contraction-pulsations of the bell-like body; some species actively swim most of the time, while others are passive much of the time. Jellyfish are composed of more than 90% water; most of their umbrella mass is a gelatinous material - the jelly - called mesoglea which is surrounded by two layers of epithelial cells which form the exumbrella (top surface) and subumbrella (bottom surface) of the bell, or body.
Jellyfish do not have a brain or central nervous system, but rather have a loose network of nerves, located in the epidermis, which is called a erve net. A jellyfish detects various stimuli including the touch of other animals via this nerve net, which then transmits impulses both throughout the nerve net and around a circular nerve ring, through the rhopalial lappet, located at the rim of the jellyfish body, to other nerve cells. Some jellyfish also have ocelli: light-sensitive organs that do not form images but which can detect light, and are used to determine up from down, responding to sunlight shining on the water's surface.
Answer: A baby jellyfish is called a planula, polyp, ephyra.
What do you call a female jellyfish?
Answer: A female jellyfish is called a sow.
What do you call a male jellyfish?
Answer: A male jellyfish is called a boar.
What do you call a group of jellyfishs?
Answer: A group of jellyfishs are called a bloom, fluther, smack, smuck, smuth.
Question: What is the scientific classification of a jellyfish?
Answer: A jellyfish has the scientific classification of scyphozoan.
Question: What class is a jellyfish in?
Answer: A jellyfish is in the invertebrate class.

Diane Hoh is currently considered a "single author." If one or more works are by a distinct, homonymous authors, go ahead and split the author.
Diane Hoh is composed of 3 names. You can examine and separate out names.

W305: Communication Skills II. Soka University of America. Course Title: “Writing Translation.” (Fall 2016).
The primary aim of this course is to think through “translation” as a way of refining and renewing our writing, reading, and editing skills. Throughout the course, we will read different theories of translation by writers and translators from around the world; different translated versions of poems and literary fiction; translators’ notes and scholarly analyses; translations across media; and reviews of translations. We will interrogate the English language by reading a diverse range of works translated from various languages. We will learn from various methods and approaches to ask further questions about the relationship between language use and language communities; between semantics theory and translation theory; between translation as similarity, analogy, and association; between the writer, reader, and translator. In doing so, we will also see how the same concepts or issues can be approached from multiple perspectives, either to transgress from various social norms (perhaps as pertaining to categories of gender, race, and sexuality) or to reinforce them. Our aim is to gain awareness of the wide range of linguistic and rhetorical practices through critical reading, thinking, writing, translating, and research. Proficiency in a language other than English is not required, though certainly welcome. All writing will be multimodal and students are encouraged to publish their personalized websites.

Example #1: If we have 2.00 mol of N 2 reacting with sufficient H 2, how many moles of NH 3 will be produced? Comments prior to solving the example (a) The equation is already balanced.
Answer: The reaction shows us for every mole of N 2 consumed, 3 moles of H 2 is also consumed. We need 3 moles of hydrogen gas for every mole of nitrogen gas. The first thing we need to find out is the number of moles of each gas is on hand.
From the number of moles of each chemical that are involved in the reaction and their formula weights, we can figure out the weight of each one of these. So from the balanced equation, you can get the weight relationships.

Imagine an unconventional Allied response in Europe to an emboldened near-peer conflict.
“Incoming!” shouted Piotr Nowak, a master sergeant in Poland’s Jednostka Wojskowa Komandosów special operations unit. Dropping to the ground, he clawed aside a veil of brittle green moss to wedge himself into a gap beneath a downed tree. He hoped the five other members of his military advisory team, crouched around the fist-shaped rock formation behind him, heard his shouts. To further reinforce Ukraine’s armed forces against increasingly brazen Russian military support for separatists in the eastern part of the country, Poland’s government had been quietly supplying military trainers. A pro-Russian military coup in Belarus two weeks earlier only served to raise tensions in the region – and the stakes for the JWK on the ground.
An instant later incoming Russian Grad rocket artillery announced itself with a shrill shriek. Then a rapid succession of sharp explosive pops as the dozen rockets burst overhead. Nowak quickly realized these weren’t ordinary fires.
There was no spray of airburst shrapnel or the lung-busting concussion of a thermobaric munition. Instead, it sounded like summer fireworks – the explosive separation of the 122mm rocket artillery shell’s casing. Once split open, each weapon’s payload deployed an air brake to slow its approach.
During that momentary silence, Nowak edged out slightly from under the log to look up at the sky. He saw the drifting circular payload extend four arms and then, suddenly, it came to life as it sprang free of its parachute harness. With a whine from its electric motors, the quadcopter darted out of sight.
That sound built and built over the next minute as eleven more of these Russian autonomous drones darted menacingly in a loose formation through the forest above the Polish special operations commandos. Nowak cursed the low-profile nature of their mission: The Polish soldiers had not yet received the latest compact American counter-UAS electronic-warfare systems that could actually fit in their civilian Skoda Kodiaq SUVs.
Nowak held his airplane-mode mobile phone out from under the log to film the drones, using his arm like a selfie-stick. Nowak needed to report in what he was seeing – this was proof Russian forces had turned their new AI battle management system online inside Ukraine. But he also knew that doing so would be a death sentence, whether he texted the video on the country’s abominably slow mobile networks or used his secure NATO comms. These Russian drones could detect either type of transmission in an instant. Once the drones cued to his transmission he would be targeted either by their own onboard anti-personnel munitions or a follow-on strike by conventional artillery.
This was no mere variation on the practice of using Leer-3 drones for electronic warfare and to spot for Russian artillery. It marked the first-ever deployment of an entirely new Russian AI battle system complex, Omega. Nowak had only heard about the Russians firing entire drone swarms from inexpensive Grad rocket-artillery rounds once before in Syria while deployed with a US task force. But they had never done so in Ukraine, at least not that he knew about. Most observers chalked up Russia’s Syrian experimentations with battlefield robots and drone swarms to clumsy failures. Clearly something had changed.
With his phone, Nowak recorded how the drones appeared to be coordinating their search activities as if they were a single hive intelligence. They divided the dense forest into cells they searched cooperatively. Within seconds, they climbed and dove from treetop height looking for anyone or anything hiding below.
At that very instant, the drone’s computer vision algorithms detected Novak’s team. Each and every one of them. Within seconds, six of the aggressively maneuvering drones revealed themselves in a disjointed dive down from the treetops and zoomed in on the JWK fighters’ positions.
Nobody needed to be told what to do. The team raised their weapons and fired short bursts at the Russian drones. One shattered like a clay pigeon. But two more buzzed into view to take its place. Another drone went down to a shotgun-fired SkyNet round. Then the entire drone formation shifted its flight patterns, dodging and maneuvering even more erratically, making it nearly impossible to shoot the rest down. The machines learned from their own losses, Nowak realized. Would his superiors do the same for him?
Nowak emptied his magazine with a series of quick bursts, but rather than reload he put his weapon aside and rolled out from under the log. Fully exposed and clutching the phone with shaking hands, he hastily removed one of his gloves with his teeth. Then he switched the device on. Network connected. He scrolled to the video of the drones. Send! Send! Send!
Eleven seconds later, Novak’s entire Polish JWK special forces team lay dead on the forest floor.
Omega is not any one specific weapon, rather it is made up of a menagerie of Russian weapons, large and small. It’s as if you fused information warfare, SAMs, fires, drones, tactical autonomous bots… There’s everything from S-600 batteries to cheap Katyusha-style rocket artillery to Uran-9 and -13 tanks. But it is what controls the hardware that makes Omega truly unique: AI. At its core, it’s an artificial intelligence system fusing data from thousands of sensors, processed information, and found patterns that human eyes and minds cannot fathom. The system’s AI is not only developing a comprehensive real-time picture, it’s also developing probabilities and possible courses of enemy action. It can coordinate thousands of “shooters”, from surface-to-air missiles, to specialized rocket artillery deploying autonomous tactical drones like the ones that killed the JWK team, to UGVs like the latest Uran-13 autonomous tracked units.
The developers of the Omega system incorporated technologies such as software-defined radio, which uses universal receivers that could listen in to a broad array of frequencies. Thousands of these bands are monitored with machine learning algorithms to spot insurgent radio stations, spy on the locations of Ukrainian military and police, and even determine if a certain frequency is being used to remotely control explosives or other military equipment. When a threat is discovered, the system will dispatch drones to observe the triangulated location of the source. If the threat needs to be neutralized a variety of kinetic systems – from guided artillery shells to loitering munitions and autonomous drones – can be dispatched for the kill.
See one prescription for precluding the strategic surprise that is the fictional Omega in The Importance of Integrative Science/Technology Intelligence (InS/TINT) to the Prediction of Future Vistas of Emerging Threats, by Dr. James Giordano, CAPT (USN – Ret.) L. R. Bremseth, and Mr. Joseph DeFranco.
Reminder: You only have 1 week left to enter your submissions for the Mad Scientist Science Fiction Writing Contest 2019. Click here for more information about the contest and how to submit your short story(ies) for consideration by our 1 April 2019 deadline!
Mr. August Cole is a proclaimed Mad Scientist, author, and futurist focusing on national security issues. He is a non-resident senior fellow at the Art of the Future Project at the Atlantic Council. He also works on creative foresight at SparkCognition, an artificial intelligence company, and is a senior advisor at Avascent, a consulting firm. His novel with fellow proclaimed Mad Scientist P.W. Singer, entitled Ghost Fleet: A Novel of the Next World War, explores the future of great power conflict and disruptive technologies in wartime.
Mr. Amir Husain is the founder and CEO of SparkCognition, a company envisioned to be at the forefront of the “AI 3.0” revolution. He serves as advisor and board member to several major institutions, including IBM Watson, University of Texas Department of Computer Science, Makerarm, ClearCube Technology, uStudio and others; and his work has been published in leading tech journals, including Network World, IT Today, and Computer World. In 2015, Amir was named Austin’s Top Technology Entrepreneur of the Year.
Disclaimer: This publication is a work of fiction by Messrs. August Cole and Amir Husain, neither of whom have any affiliation with U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, the U.S. Army, or the U.S. Government. This piece is meant to be thought-provoking and entertaining, and does not reflect the current position of the U.S. Army.
86. Alternet: What Happens When the Internet is No Longer Trusted?
These initiatives are nascent but are increasingly gaining traction as they offer users the option to manage their own identity and information online; choose what they do and don’t want to share digitally; provide transparency as a currency, meaning users can view rules, policies, and protocols openly at any time and see when changes are made real-time; and allow users to be their own data authority. While progress in this space will be slow but steady over the next two years, expect that “Alternets” will become a publicly recognized substitute to the big internet companies in five years and a commonplace feature of the web in 10 years as users become more disenchanted, distrustful, and decide they want greater control, attribution, or anonymity as needed, and desire an internet that meets their norms, cultural, and community preferences.
There are several interesting challenges that come with the fracturing of the internet in this manner.
First, Alternets will be more insular, require individual verification to join, and users will need to buy special equipment like a community specific encrypted router or use a particular variant of the blockchain to access the web.
Secondly, Alternets may serve to fracture the internet itself in interesting ways that could impact how data and users are able to digitally traverse the globe.
Third, Alternets will provide both the attribution many desire in social media to stop cyber bullying, scammers, and fake news, and the anonymity features that allow both dissident and terror groups to operate safely in virtual spaces. As with all technologies, there will always be opportunities for both positive and malicious use.
Fourth, the development and spread of Alternets may serve to further polarize various interests, organizations, and nations as like-minded communities will group together rather than strive to engage in constructive discourse, further reducing the opportunity for bridging entities to be effective negotiators.
Current examples of “Alternets” that exist today include the private citizen efforts of the Metacurrency Project called Holo; the Russian independent internet for the BRICS block of nations; the PRC alternative which has also been installed in Tanzania, Nigeria, and Vietnam; BitDust, a decentralized, encrypted, anonymous storage and communication solution; Mastodon a decentralized, personally hosted, microblogging solution used in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia; and Hyperboria which was born out of the DarkNet and is an encrypted, distributed, peer-to-peer IPv6 network with Distributed Hash Table (DHT)-based source routing.
JJ Snow is an Air Force Lt Colonel assigned as the U.S. Special Operations Command Innovation Officer and the J5 Donovan Group Future Plans and Strategy Deputy Director. In her current role, JJ serves as the government representative for technology outreach and engagement on behalf of the command and 756 interagency action officers spanning 40 different government agencies.
She is responsible for maintaining a network of non-traditional experts across industry, academia and ethical hackers/technologists to provide government with critical access, expertise and capacity across a broad spectrum of technologies to rapidly identify best of breed while also proactively responding to potential threat aspects of concern to Special Operations and national security. She supports senior government leadership in process innovation, innovation planning in big government, and the development of smart technology policy and advises senior government representatives on emerging disruptive technologies.
She holds a MS Degree in Defense Analysis with distinction from the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) and a MA from American Military University in Strategic Intelligence with honors.
 Saldana et al., “Alternative Networks: Toward Global Access to the Internet for All.” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 55, no. 9, pp. 187-193, 2017.
There are no facts about the future. Leaders interested in building future ready organizations must develop assumptions about possible futures and these assumptions require constant scrutiny. Leaders must also make decisions based on these assumptions to posture organizations to take advantage of opportunities and to mitigate risks. Making these decisions is fundamental to building future readiness.
The TRADOC G-2 has made the following foundational assumptions about the future that can serve as launch points for important questions about capability requirements and capabilities under development. These assumptions are further described in An Advanced Engagement Battlespace: Tactical, Operational and Strategic Implications for the Future Operational Environment, published by our colleagues at Small Wars Journal.
1. Contested in all domains (air, land, sea, space, and cyber). Increased lethality, by virtue of ubiquitous sensors, proliferated precision, high kinetic energy weapons and advanced area munitions, further enabled by autonomy, robotics, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) with an increasing potential for overmatch. Adversaries will restrict us to temporary windows of advantage with periods of physical and electronic isolation.
2. Concealment is difficult on the future battlefield. Hiding from advanced sensors — where practicable — will require dramatic reduction of heat, electromagnetic, and optical signatures. Traditional hider techniques such as camouflage, deception, and concealment will have to extend to “cross-domain obscuration” in the cyber domain and the electromagnetic spectrum. Canny competitors will monitor their own emissions in real-time to understand and mitigate their vulnerabilities in the “battle of signatures.” Alternately, “hiding in the open” within complex terrain clutter and near-constant relocation might be feasible, provided such relocation could outpace future recon / strike targeting cycles. Adversaries will operate among populations in complex terrain, including dense urban areas.
3. Trans-regional, gray zone, and hybrid strategies with both regular and irregular forces, criminal elements, and terrorists attacking our weaknesses and mitigating our advantages. The ensuing spectrum of competition will range from peaceful, legal activities through violent, mass upheavals and civil wars to traditional state-on-state, unlimited warfare.
4. Adversaries include states, non-state actors, and super-empowered individuals, with non-state actors and super empowered individuals now having access to Weapons of Mass Effect (WME), cyber, space, and Nuclear/Biological/ Chemical (NBC) capabilities. Their operational reach will range from tactical to global, and the application of their impact from one domain into another will be routine. These advanced engagements will also be interactive across the multiple dimensions of conflict, not only across every domain in the physical dimension, but also the cognitive dimension of information operations, and even the moral dimension of belief and values.
5. Increased speed of human interaction, events and action with democratized and rapidly proliferating capabilities means constant co-evolution between competitors. Recon / Strike effectiveness is a function of its sensors, shooters, their connections, and the targeting process driving decisions. Therefore, in a contest between peer competitors with comparable capabilities, advantage will fall to the one that is better integrated and makes better and faster decisions.
These assumptions become useful when they translate to potential decision criteria for Leaders to rely on when evaluating systems being developed for the future battlefield. Each of the following questions are fundamental to ensuring the Army is prepared to operate in the future.
1. How will this system operate when disconnected from a network? Units will be disconnected from their networks on future battlefields. Capabilities that require constant timing and precision geo-locational data will be prioritized for disruption by adversaries with capable EW systems.
2. What signature does this system present to an adversary? It is difficult to hide on the future battlefield and temporary windows of advantage will require formations to reduce their battlefield signatures. Capabilities that require constant multi-directional broadcast and units with large mission command centers will quickly be targeted and neutralized.
3. How does this system operate in dense urban areas? The physical terrain in dense urban areas and megacities creates concrete canyons isolating units electronically and physically. Automated capabilities operating in dense population areas might also increase the rate of false signatures, confusing, rather than improving, Commander decision-making. New capabilities must be able to operate disconnected in this terrain. Weapons systems must be able to slew and elevate rapidly to engage vertical targets. Automated systems and sensors will require significant training sets to reduce the rate of false signatures.
4. How does this system take advantage of open and modular architectures? The rapid rate of technological innovations will offer great opportunities to militaries capable of rapidly integrating prototypes into formations. Capabilities developed with open and modular architectures can be upgraded with autonomous and AI enablers as they mature. Early investment in closed-system capabilities will freeze Armies in a period of rapid co-evolution and lead to overmatch.
5. How does this capability help win in competition short of conflict with a near peer competitor? Near peer competitors will seek to achieve limited objectives short of direct conflict with the U.S. Army. Capabilities will need to be effective at operating in the gray zone as well as serving as deterrence. They will need to be capable of strategic employment from CONUS-based installations.
Join SciTech Futures‘ community of experts, analysts, and creatives on 11-18 June 2018 as they discuss the logistical challenges of urban campaigns, both today and on into 2035. What disruptive technologies and doctrines will blue (and red) forces have available in 2035? Are unconventional forces the future of urban combat? Their next ideation exercise goes live 11 June 2018 — click here to learn more!
Watch the U.S. Army Natick Soldier RD&E Center‘s The Soldier of the Future Concept video (the source of the featured image at the top of today’s post).
View the TRADOC G-2 Operational Environment Enterprise’s The Changing Character of Future Warfare video.
AI-enabled IO present a more pressing strategic threat than the physical hazards of slaughter-bots or even algorithmically-escalated nuclear war. IO are efforts to “influence, disrupt, corrupt, or usurp the decision-making of adversaries and potential adversaries;” here, we’re talking about using AI to do so. AI-guided IO tools can empathize with an audience to say anything, in any way needed, to change the perceptions that drive those physical weapons. Future IO systems will be able to individually monitor and affect tens of thousands of people at once. Defense professionals must understand the fundamental influence potential of these technologies if they are to drive security institutions to counter malign AI use in the information environment.
Programmatic marketing, using consumer’s data habits to drive real time automated bidding on personalized advertising, has been used for a few years now. Cambridge Analytica’s Facebook targeting made international headlines using similar techniques, but digital electioneering is just the tip of the iceberg. An AI trained with data from users’ social media accounts, economic media interactions (Uber, Applepay, etc.), and their devices’ positional data can infer predictive knowledge of its targets. With that knowledge, emerging tools — like Replika — can truly befriend a person, allowing it to train that individual, for good or ill.
Substantive feedback is required to train an individual’s response; humans tend to respond best to content and feedback with which they agree. That content can be algorithmically mass produced. For years, Narrative Science tools have helped writers create sports stories and stock summaries, but it’s just as easy to use them to create disinformation. That’s just text, though; today, the AI can create fake video. A recent warning, ostensibly from former President Obama, provides an entertaining yet frightening demonstration of how Deepfakes will challenge our presumptions about truth in the coming years. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is funding a project this summer to determine whether AI-generated Deepfakes will become impossible to distinguish from the real thing, even using other AI systems.
Given that malign actors can now employ AI to lie “at machine speed,” they still have to get the story to an audience. Russian bot armies continue to make headlines doing this very thing. The New York Times maintains about a dozen Twitter feeds and produces around 300 tweets a day, but Russia’s Internet Research Agency (IRA) regularly puts out 25,000 tweets in the same twenty-four hours. The IRA’s bots are really just low-tech curators; they collect, interpret, and display desired information to promote the Kremlin’s narratives.
Next-generation bot armies will employ far faster computing techniques and profit from an order of magnitude greater network speed when 5G services are fielded. If “Repetition is a key tenet of IO execution,” then this machine gun-like ability to fire information at an audience will, with empathetic precision and custom content, provide the means to change a decisive audience’s very reality. No breakthrough science is needed, no bureaucratic project office required. These pieces are already there, waiting for an adversary to put them together.
The DoD is looking at AI but remains focused on image classification and swarming quadcopters while ignoring the convergent possibilities of predictive audience understanding, tailored content production, and massive scale dissemination. What little digital IO we’ve done, sometimes called social media “WebOps,” has been contractor heavy and prone to naïve missteps. However, groups like USSOCOM’s SOFWERX and the students at the Naval Postgraduate School are advancing the state of our art. At NPS, future senior leaders are working on AI, now. A half-dozen of the school’s departments have stood up classes and events specifically aimed at operationalizing advanced computing. The young defense professionals currently working on AI should grapple with emerging influence tools and form the foundation of the DoD’s future institutional capabilities.
MAJ Chris Telley is an Army information operations officer assigned to the Naval Postgraduate School. His assignments have included theater engagement at U.S. Army Japan and advanced technology integration with the U.S. Air Force. Chris commanded in Afghanistan and served in Iraq as a United States Marine. He tweets at @chris_telley.
This blog post represents the opinions of the author and do not reflect the position of the Army or the United States Government.
Changes encountered during the Future Operational Environment’s Era of Accelerated Human Progress (the present through 2035) begin a process that will re-shape the global security situation and fundamentally alter the character of warfare. While its nature remains constant, the speed, automation, ranges, both broad and narrow effects, its increasingly integrated multi-domain conduct, and the complexity of the terrain and social structures in which it occurs will make mid-century warfare both familiar and utterly alien.
During the Era of Contested Equality (2035-2050), great powers and rising challengers have converted hybrid combinations of economic power, technological prowess, and virulent, cyber-enabled ideologies into effective strategic strength. They apply this strength to disrupt or defend the economic, social, and cultural foundations of the old Post-World War II liberal order and assert or dispute regional alternatives to established global norms. State and non-state actors compete for power and control, often below the threshold of traditional armed conflict – or shield and protect their activities under the aegis of escalatory WMD, cyber, or long-range conventional options and doctrines.
It is not clear whether the threats faced in the preceding Era of Accelerated Human Progress persist, although it is likely that China and Russia will remain key competitors, and that some form of non-state ideologically motivated extremist groups will exist. Other threats may have fundamentally changed their worldviews, or may not even exist by mid-Century, while other states, and combinations of states will rise and fall as challengers during the 2035-2050 timeframe. The security environment in this period will be characterized by conditions that will facilitate competition and conflict among rivals, and lead to endemic strife and warfare, and will have several defining features.
• The nation-state perseveres. The nation-state will remain the primary actor in the international system, but it will be weaker both domestically and globally than it was at the start of the century. Trends of fragmentation, competition, and identity politics will challenge global governance and broader globalization, with both collective security and globalism in decline. States share their strategic environments with networked societies which increasingly circumvent governments unresponsive to their citizens’ needs. Many states will face challenges from insurgents and global identity networks – ethnic, religious, regional, social, or economic – which either resist state authority or ignore it altogether.
• Super-Power Diminishes. Early-century great powers will lose their dominance in command and control, surveillance, and precision-strike technologies as even non-state actors will acquire and refine their own application of these technologies in conflict and war. Rising competitors will be able to acquire capabilities through a broad knowledge diffusion, cyber intellectual property theft, and their own targeted investments without having to invest into massive “sunken” research costs. This diffusion of knowledge and capability and the aforementioned erosion of long-term collective security will lead to the formation of ad hoc communities of interest. The costs of maintaining global hegemony at the mid-point of the century will be too great for any single power, meaning that the world will be multi-polar and dominated by complex combinations of short-term alliances, relations, and interests.
This era will be marked by contested norms and persistent disorder, where multiple state and non-state actors assert alternative rules and norms, which when contested, will use military force, often in a dimension short of traditional armed conflict.
• Watch the TRADOC G-2 Operational Environment Enterprise’s The Changing Character of Future Warfare video.
(Editor’s Note: Mad Scientist Laboratory is pleased to present the following post by repeat guest blogger Mr. Victor R. Morris. Strap in and prepare yourselves for a mind-expanding discussion on the competition field’s application of quantum field theory to political warfare and the extended battlefield!
The competition field is a field of fields. It is the unification of physical, information, electromagnetic and cyber, political warfare, and extended military battle fields manifested through cross-field synergy and information feedback loop.
The competition field interacts with the physical, information, and cyber and electromagnetic fields. Political warfare and extended military battle are field quanta and reach excitable states due to cross-field synergy and information exchange. These excitable states are unpredictable, yet measurable via probability in the competition continuum. The measurements correlate to the information feedback loop of relative and finite information. The feedback loop results from system interactions, decision-making, effects, and learning. Learning drives interactions, ensuring information exchange in the competition continuum.
The competition field concept was developed from quantum mechanics, multi-domain battle operational frameworks, and geostrategic competition fundamentals to address grand strategy design, long-term, strategic inter-state competition, and non-state actor considerations in macro scale and spacetime.
The concept applies quantum field theory to political warfare and the “extended battlefield,” where Joint and multinational systems are the quanta of these fields, prone to excitable states like field quanta. In quantum mechanics, “quanta” refers to the minimum amount of physical entity involved in an interaction, like a photon or bit. The concept also unites the “Gray Zone” with the political warfare field interacting with the extended military battlefield.
Multi-domain battle and gray zone phenomena result from interactions in the extended military battle and political warfare fields. In quantum field theory, “interactions” refer to particles and corresponding underlying quantum fields. The competition field is the fundamental starting point for strategy design and system of systems thinking.
War/conflict, “Gray Zone,” and peace manifest based on uncertain, yet probability-determined interactions that drive decision-making, effects, and learning to continue the feedback loop of finite information. In the competition field, competition is relative or relational to information. Information does not measure what is known, but the probabilities of something. The competition field correlates the scientific and granular notions of information with the Operational Environment’s fields (also called domains) and physical systems during interactions. Systems are quantized like subatomic particles in the form of Centers of Gravity (COG), subsystems, critical factors, flows, nodes, and entities.
System and particle interactions are uncertain and not deterministic predictions described in exporting security as preventive war strategy and Newtonian physics. Measures short of war and war itself (i.e., violent or armed competition) are interactions in the competition field based on convergence, acceleration, force, distance, time, and other variables. Systems or things do not enter into relations; relations ground the notion of the system.
The information environment is also a field of fields. It exists with the physical, electromagnetic, cyberspace, and space-time fields in the competition field. In Joint doctrine, this is the holistic operational environment. Quantum mechanic’s granularity, relationality, and uncertainty of this field are described in the cognitive, informational, and physical dimensions.
These dimensions or fields include the quanta of human beings, Internet of Things (IoT), data, and individual or group decision-making. The cognitive dimension encompasses the minds of those who transmit, receive, and respond to or act on information.
The cognitive dimension is the most important component of the information environment and influences decision-making in the competition field. The scientific notion of information and probability of occurrence measurement are the largest contributors to understanding quantum physics and the concept of competition.
Colonel John Boyd, a military strategist, was a student of Sun Tzu and Clausewitz and studied military history to see where concepts overlapped and diverged. He knowingly or unknowingly described quantum mechanic’s postulates when he critiqued Clausewitz’s center of gravity concept. He suggested finding the thing that allows the organic whole to stay connected and breaking down those connections.
In theories of quantum gravity, that “thing” is the quanta of gravity, hypothetically called a graviton. In this assessment, it is the quanta of competition. The quanta of competition are not in competition; they are themselves competition and are described by links and the relation they express. The quanta of competition are also suited for quantum biology, since they involve both biological and environmental objects and problem sets.
Additionally, what Clausewitz described as polarity, intelligence, and friction are information at the quantum state. Position, momentum, spin, and the polarization of entangled particles are measured and correlated. The constant exchange of relevant and irrelevant information occurs as competition field quanta interact in the competition continuum.
In this vision, Joint and multinational systems are their own fields, oscillating in the political and extended military battle fields. Interactions manifest forces to exploit windows of superiority, seize the initiative, and attain positions of relative advantage in the competition continuum. Interagency and intergovernmental systems are also manifested in granular and relational manners to enable these objectives. This is only possible through combination, cooperation, and information.
The competition field attempts to explain the relationship between the holistic operational environment and physical systems bridging quantum mechanics and geostrategic competition constructs.
Clausewitz said, “War is merely a continuation of policy by other means.” Policy is a continuation of processes and events between interactions. Lethal or non-lethal effects are based on the measurement of possible alternatives enumerated by reciprocal information and the ability to make decisions in the competition field.

When letting your dog off the lead on a windy day remember, your voice travels differently.
You need a back up recall for such weather, like a dog that is fully whistle trained or squeaky toy.
More smells and distractions on a day like today, keep your dog safe.
Get your dog trained in the New Year, have fun with your dog.
Do agility, training class or 121 training.
If your dog has a behavioural issue sort in 2014.
Do the best for your dog and have more fun with your woofer in 2014.
Keep your dog happy this Christmas, make sure they still get exercised, no fatty or poisonous foods and something new under the tree to keep them occupied, while you eat drink and be merry.
Christmas is getting closer, make sure your pets are safe while you are enjoying the day together.
Let visitors know what the rules are for your pets so you can all enjoy it.
Stress and lack of training are responsible for a large amount of issue we have with pet dogs.
Force and fear methods of training always cause more problems, if not straight away then in the future.
Dogs are intelligent and need to be treat as if they are.
Educate yourself in how your dog’s mind works, then you can work as a team.
You can not dominate a dog and have them as a family member too.
Places on agility classes available from Jan, contact me for details, any breed welcome, must be over 12 months and have a basic level of training.
Friday evening classes run in indoor arena.

When 14.250 moles of PCl5 gas is placed in a 3.00 Liter container and comes to equilibrium at a constant tempreture, 40% of the PCl5 decompose according to the equation.
The correct answer to this problem is A.
The correct answer to this problem is D.
The correct answer to the above problem is E.
I'll appreciate very much if you can help explain this problems to me, and others who doesn't understand the questions. Thanks very much.
I realize that Ibo man may be taking the Dat tommorow. Here are the answers to your previous query.Hope they will be of help.

Anyone planning to build a home theater system should always make sure to install the best surround sound systems, in order to have the best ever movie viewing experience at home. Surround sound systems will enhance the quality of the sounds that is emitted from the movie you’re watching or the game you are playing. It will no doubt enhance your overall experience in listening pleasure and add quality to whatever you are watching or playing. But there is much more to installing surround sound systems than the above mentioned benefit. Some of them are highlighted below.
Surround systems are not only for connecting to home theater systems, they can be connected to any gaming console such as video, play station and X-box. This will give you a great gaming experience as you will be able to hear the noise of that racing car in the game as it is racing inside your house. You will feel like you are really involved in the game battling your enemies. This is really a novel experience for the avid gamer.
A surround system will enhance the quality of your music in leaps and bounds compared to ordinary speakers. When you install the surround system on your CD or DVD, you can listen to more quality music than otherwise. The amplifier and sub-woofers will help to adjust the quality of the sound as per the wish of the listener.
Dolby digital surround systems will change the whole ambiance of your home theater system. Watching a movie with Dolby digital surround systems is just like going to a movie hall and watching a movie. Most of the movie theaters are equipped with Dolby digital sound systems these days.
Purchasing a surround system should be done with thorough research. These systems are usually not cheap, but installing the system is well worth the money spent as it will enhance your overall experience of gaming and movie watching. There are two categories of surround systems such as 5.1 and 7.1. The reason for the different sequences is based on the number of speakers it takes to reach the full surround mode of each sound system. Possessing one center speaker, one sub-woofer, two rear-channel speakers and two side speakers will give a 5.1 surround from your receiver. To get 7.1 surround, you must include two more rear speakers directly behind the listener. Most of the movie theaters are equipped with 7.1 Dolby digital surround systems.
Most of the Blu-ray and non Blu-ray DVD movies are encoded with 7.1 as well as 5.1 sound modes. If you want to get the maximum benefit of watching a quality movie, you will surely want a 7.1 surround system installed at your home. If you own a 7.1 surround system receiver, you can still play a movie of 5.1 sounds. You don’t need to worry about the quality of the movie as the 7.1 receiver will balance the 5.1 movie sounds into all the seven speakers, thereby enhancing the quality of the sounds.
When you watch the 5.1 digitally encoded movie, on your current 7.1 sound receiver, the equipment will convert the 5.1 sounds to all the seven speakers through “duplicated sound processing”. This will help to create a real professional movie theater experience. Most people prefer to purchase 5.1 surround systems because the setting up process in much easier than the 7.1 system. But there is an instructional manual with every 7.1 system, which you can refer to and easily set up the system in your home. A 7.1 surround system is an investment in your future as most of the movies and games that are encoded in 5.1 sounds will be updated to 7.1 surround systems in the near future.
Surround systems will take the experience of the movie viewer and game player to the next level. It is a must for a home in this technically advanced era. You will not need to go to the cinema hall to view a movie if you have a surround system in your home.
A home cinema, otherwise known as a home theater, is a home entertainment system that replicates, to some degree, the experience of being at an actual movie theater. By using high-tech audio equipment, a flatscreen TV, and surround sound speakers, it is possible to convert a single room in your home to replicate this experience. There are many important aspects for creating the best home theater system. In this article we will look at what you need to do to create one at your residence that will have friends and family always coming back for more.
The first thing that you will need to do is find a single room in your home that you can dedicate to your home theater system. Depending upon the size of the room, and how many people you would like to seat at your theater, the room that you choose must have enough square footage to create the best effect. In regard to what is called acoustic room ratio, it should be 8 feet high, a maximum of 14 feet wide, and have a length of 22 feet. This is a general configuration, with 20.8 feet by 12.8 feet by 8 feet being a mathematically perfect ratio.
Regardless of the size of the actual screen, the dimensions of the screen, specifically for standard HDTV widescreen format, is 16:9. The larger the screen, the better, especially if your room is longer and will accommodate more theater attendees. If you do install an HDTV, you have to take into account the diagonal width to determine how far back the seats should sit. For example, if your screen is quite large, around 100 inches, your viewers should be no further back than 15 feet. All of these calculations should be made prior to installing your seats which we will discuss next.
If you are only going to put a couple chairs in your home theater, determining their exact position is not something that you have to worry about. You can easily move the chairs to different locations in order to find the best viewing perspective. However, if you are going to actually put in permanent seats, you should adhere to the following configuration guidelines. Each chair should be at least two feet apart, with at least 20 inches of distance between each of the rows. On the outside of your seats, you should have about 30 inches or so that people can easily move in and out of the area. Finally, each row needs to sit at least 18 inches higher than the row in front, allowing people to comfortably see over the people in front. By using these configurations, you should be able to create a permanent seating arrangement that will accommodate all of your guests.
Finally, you’re going to install the speaker system for your home theater. Whether you decide to use Klipsch, Sony, or one of the other major brands, it is the quality of the speakers, and their positioning, that will produce the optimal effect. It is always recommended to get wireless home theater speaker systems so that you can easily reposition the speakers if you are not happy with the sounds that you hear. The front speakers should always be at a 45 degree angle on either side of the widescreen television, pointing directly toward the seats in front. The center speaker should be placed behind the screen, or beneath it if it is mounted on the wall. Finally, the left and right surround speakers should be positioned perpendicular to the seats if there is only one row, or slightly behind multiple rows of seats aimed directly at the center point of the front row. By using this configuration, you should be able to get an optimal surround sound effect that will replicate what you can only experience in a traditional movie theater.
By using the tips in this article to create your own home cinema, you should be able to purchase what you need, and properly configure everything, based upon the dimensions provided. As long as you have a designated room that can be used for your home theater, you will definitely have fun “at the movies” from the comfort of your home.
A home theater system can add an extra “oomph” to one’s home entertainment set-up. Having just the TV and DVD player is often not enough for most home owners. Everyone wants that extra bit of realism and audio quality that can be attained from the use of a home theater system. There are countless benefits of having this system set-up at home. Let’s take a look at the benefits associated with having a home theater system installed at home.
When popping in a DVD or even a regular home movie, the sound has to be crisp and realistic. No one wants to hear buzzing noises or other sounds that can creep up with regular speakers. It simply takes away from one’s experience and that is never a good thing.
This is where a quality system can go a long way in getting the job done. It will be able to provide that high-quality, professional sound that one expects from their movies. Most DVDs are now designed to work as they are supposed to only with these systems. Using regular pathways to watch these DVDs will result in disappointing results.
For some, they will have a wonderful TV that is remarkably detailed with its colors, but then an absolute dud of a sound system. This is why it is essential to pay attention to having a system in place that is of the highest quality.
Even if the picture being displayed looks wonderful, if the sound is not on point, one will always become frustrated with what they are seeing. It will simply not provide the same level of entertainment that one expects from their viewing experience.
What about watching a live sporting event? Should it not feel like one is sitting right there at the event? It should not be an issue where one are scratching their heads at the poor level of sound that is being relayed.
These systems are exceptional because they come with a range of gadgets now. The sound technology is becoming better and better as time passes by. Yet, so are the gadgets that go around this system and complete it.
Without the right gadgets, one will not be getting the results they want. What kind of gadgets are we talking about? These include things such as gaming consoles, satellite TV, PCs, and other related products that have to be purchased and added into one’s home entertainment system.
Now, one will be puzzled at how adding more stuff to one’s entertainment set-up is “affordable”. Yet, it is one of the most cost-efficient purchases can make in terms of long-term benefits. How is this the case? It has to do with finding a more affordable way of watching movies.
Does it not cost a lot more to go to the local theater to have the same experience? It will cost a lot and for avid movie watchers, this can take a huge hit on their monthly budget. This is why having a home entertainment system that is able to provide close to the same experience is better in the long-run.
One will start to notice as they have more money to spend on other things other than going to the movies all of the time. It is one of the most preferred ways of saving money for those who want that long-term solution.
A lot of individuals are worried about the speakers and related gadgets taking up a lot of space. This used to be the cause in the old days when the technology was new and developing. Now, it has become better and more sleek for those who want better, space-friendly solutions.
The best part is they are getting smaller, yet producing even better quality. This is wonderful for home owners who do not want to see a reduction in quality, just for the system to become more space-friendly.
These systems go a long way in adding to the room and making sure it provides that high level of entertainment and quality that one is craving. Regular speakers will never get the job done and are a waste of time for home owners.
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“Ramana's great question was, "Who am I?"
Nowadays it's easy to see that we are this formless intelligence inside. Yet so many of us, in our innocence, still think that thought is thought, and that it's an object, and that it's going to be there for eternity, yacking away about nothing, bothering us.
Now, if we are not who we are, how come everything else is who they are? Wouldn't it make more sense to say, "Well, if I'm not my role, maybe nothing else is its role."
And rather than wondering what that role is, just ask it directly, "Who are you?" It's so much faster than trying to figure it out.
You don't ask it, "Who am I?"
One of thought's functions is to project onto you, because you have no form. It has to come up with projection after projection, and just in case you relax out of your role it has to create an diversion, quickly.
So ask it, "Who are you?"
Curiosity is the way wisdom gets revealed inside. It is the forerunner of wisdom. Curiosity arises and, if you sit with it, connected right underneath is the wisdom. They are not two.
Each one of these servants inside, from the most irritating of emotions, can reveal an incredible amount of wisdom when you interview it. First of all they show you their functions, and if you have ever had curiosity about how creation was created, or how bodies function, or what the nature of emotion is, or the nature of thought, or the nature of wisdom, all of it is there. These are amazing biocomputers, and you can ask and they will reveal anything you want to know.
Be really tender with thought. The pressure we put on it is extraordinary. It's only because thought is also the great mystery that it is able to function with all that pressure of disapproval and dislike and aversion and "I wish you would be quiet" - and all our rude projections: that you are not spiritual and you are the only thing keeping me from my freedom, and would you please just shut up!

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Gas samples A, B, C are contained at STP. Partial pressure of sample A is 38.0 kPa and sample B is 19.0 kPa. What is the partial pressure of sample C?
If the mixture of gases A, B and C is contained at STP, this means that the total pressure is 1 atm.
Pressures are additive. The pressure exerted by C is approx. 44 kPa.