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In Ex 33.18, Moses asked God: 'Please show me your glory!' {NASB}&nbsp; At Ex 34.6, Yahweh responded to Moses request as follows:</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><span style=\"font-size:22px;\"><strong>Preliminary information:</strong></span></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>Ex 34.6, LSB:&nbsp;</strong><strong></strong><em>Then Yahweh passed by in front of him and called out, “Yahweh, Yahweh God, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassionate and gracious</span>, slow to anger, and abounding in lovingkindness and truth;</em><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>Hebrew Study Bible</strong>: וַיַּעֲבֹ֨ר H5674 vai·ya·'a·Vor passed by יְהוָ֥ה ׀ H3068 Yah·weh And the LORD עַל־ H5921 'al- in פָּנָיו֮ H6440 pa·Nav before him וַיִּקְרָא֒ H7121 vai·yik·Ra and proclaimed יְהוָ֣ה ׀ H3068 Yah·weh The LORD יְהוָ֔ה H3068 Yah·weh, The LORD אֵ֥ל H410 'el God <strong>רַח֖וּם H7349 ra·Chum <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">merciful</span></strong> <strong>וְחַנּ֑וּן H2587 ve·chan·Nun</strong>; and<span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\"> <strong>gracious</strong></span> אֶ֥רֶךְ H750 'E·rech slow אַפַּ֖יִם H639 'ap·Pa·yim to anger וְרַב־ H7227 ve·rav- and abundant חֶ֥סֶד H2617 Che·sed in goodness וֶאֱמֶֽת׃ H571 ve·'e·Met. and truth<br></span></div><ol><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">The word translated as '<strong>merciful</strong>' by ASV, ESV is <strong>Strong'</strong>s H7349,&nbsp;<span class=\"theme-text-color-2-2\"><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">רחוּם </span></span><em>rachûm</em>&nbsp;<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>BDB</strong> Definition: <em>1) compassionate 1a) always of God with one possible exception.&nbsp;</em>Strong's defines it as&nbsp;<em>compassionate, merciful.&nbsp;&nbsp;</em>&nbsp;<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>The Complete Word Study Dictionary</strong> defines it as:&nbsp;<em>raḥûm: An adjective meaning <strong>compassionate, merciful.</strong> It indicates a merciful and forgiving character and attitude. It is an important word defining the character of God, and every use is in reference to God. It is part of the moral definition of God given in Exo_34:6 (Deu_4:31; Psa_78:38; Psa_86:15; Psa_103:8). It is used in the phrase ḥannûn weraḥûm, gracious and compassionate (2Ch_30:9; Neh_9:17, Neh_9:31; Psa_111:4; Psa_145:8; Jol_2:13; Jon_4:2).</em><br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">The word translated by the ASV &amp; ESV as 'gracious' is <strong>Strong's</strong> H2587&nbsp;<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">חנּוּן </span><em>channûn</em> <br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>BDB</strong> Definition: 1) gracious.<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>The Complete Word Study Dictionary</strong> defines it as:&nbsp;&nbsp;<em><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">חַנּוּן </span>ḥannûn: An adjective meaning <strong>gracious, merciful. </strong>This word is used solely as a descriptive term of God. The Lord used this word when He revealed Himself to Moses (Exo_34:6), as One who is, above all else, merciful and abounding in compassion (Psa_86:15; Psa_103:8). Elsewhere, it expresses the Lord's response to the cry of the oppressed (Exo_22:27 [26]); His treatment of those that reverence Him (Psa_111:4; Psa_112:4); His attitude toward those who repent (Jol_2:13); His mercy in the face of rebellion (Neh_9:17, Neh_9:31; Jon_4:2); and His leniency toward His people in the midst of judgment (2Ch_30:9).</em></span><br></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em><strong>The Englishman's Hebrew and Chaldee Concordance of the Old Testament,</strong> </em>Wigram, 1843, 1890, 1982 reprint by Baker Book House Company, US,&nbsp; defines&nbsp;rachûm [H7349, <em>rah-'ghoom</em>'] as <em>merciful.&nbsp;</em>H2587 [<em>'ghan-noon</em>'] is defined as&nbsp;<em>gracious.&nbsp; </em>They are paired together in five occurrences of&nbsp; <em>rachun&nbsp;</em>and seven instances of <em>channun</em> [some in both].<br><em></em></span><br></li></ol><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"></span><br></div><div><br></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong>Keep in mind that Hebrew reads from&nbsp;<em>right-to-left,&nbsp;</em>unlike English, so locate #6 in the first line, to the left of the first Yahweh. The interlinear reads then: <em>'and-he-passed Yahweh by face-of-him, and-he-called-out Yahweh Yahweh God <strong>merciful</strong> and-<strong>gracious</strong> long-of nostrils&nbsp;&nbsp;and-abun- dant steadfast-love and-faithfulness.'&nbsp; </em>{We felt constrained to highlight the three instances of he Divine Name that appear in this verse; perhaps this will shame the ESV into putting out a reviised version that includes the Tetragrammaton in every one of the 6800+ times the Masoretic Text has it?} The expression 'long of nostrils' is a Hebrew idiom for&nbsp;<em>slow to anger.<u></u></em></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><strong><span style=\"font-size:22px;\"><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Translation comparisons:</span></span></strong></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>ALTER:</strong>&nbsp; And the L<span style=\"font-size:12px;\">ORD</span> passed before him and He cxalled out: \"The L<span style=\"font-size:12px;\">ORD</span>, the L<span style=\"font-size:12px;\">ORD</span>! A <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassionate and gracious</span> God, slow to anger, and abounding in kindness and good faith</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>AMP+</strong>:&nbsp;Then the LORD passed by in front of him, and proclaimed, \"The LORD, the LORD God, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassionate and gracious</span>, slow to anger, and abounding in lovingkindness and truth (faithfulness);</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>ASV</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;And Jehovah passed by before him, and proclaimed, Jehovah, Jehovah, a God <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">merciful and gracious</span>, slow to anger, and abundant in lovingkindness and truth;&nbsp;</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>BBE:</strong>&nbsp;And the Lord went past before his eyes, saying, The Lord, the Lord, a God full of <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">pity and grace</span>, slow to wrath and great in mercy and faith;</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>Brenton</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;And the Lord passed by before his face, and proclaimed, The Lord God, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">pitiful and merciful</span>, longsuffering and very compassionate, and true</span></div><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">The version we are quoting is from 1851 and shows its age here with 'pitiful' which has switched from a positive word to a negative in modern English usage</span></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong></span><strong>Complete Apostle's Bible</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;And the Lord passed by before his face, and proclaimed, The Lord God, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">gracious and merciful</span>, longsuffering and very compassionate, and true,</div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>Coverdale</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp; And whan ye LORDE passed by before his face, he cryed: LORDE LORDE, God, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">mercifull &amp; gracious</span>, &amp; longe sufferinge, and of greate mercy and trueth</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>ERV</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;And the LORD passed by before him, and proclaimed, The LORD, the LORD, a God full of <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassion and gracious</span>, slow to anger, and plenteous in mercy and truth;</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>ETR</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;That is, the LORD passed in front of Moses and said, \"YAHWEH, the LORD, is a <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">kind and mercifu</span>l God. He is slow to become angry. He is full of great love. He can be trusted.<br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>ESV</strong>: The LORD passed before him and proclaimed, \"The LORD, the LORD, a God <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">merciful and gracious</span>, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness,<br><strong>French Darby</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;Et l'Éternel passa devant lui, et cria: L'Éternel, l'Éternel! *Dieu, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">miséricordieux et faisant grâce</span>, lent à la colère, et grand en bonté et en vérité,</span></div><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">'<em>miséricordieux et faisant grâce</em>' translate to&nbsp;<span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">merciful and gracious</span><br></span></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>French OB</strong>:&nbsp;Et l'Éternel passa devant lui, et cria: L'Éternel, l'Éternel! le Dieu <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">miséricordieux et compatissant</span>, lent à la colère, abondant en grâce et en fidélité,<br></span></div><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">'<em>miséricordieux et compatissant</em>' translate to <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">merciful and compassionate</span></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><span class=\"theme-text-color-2-4\">We rarely quote other language translations but felt this was a place to start; note that even in comparing these two renderings, there is a variance - merciful in both but gracious vs. compassionate</span><br></span></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>GN</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;The LORD then passed in front of him and called out, \"I, the LORD, am a God who is full of <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassion and pity</span>, who is not easily angered and who shows great love and faithfulness.</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>HCSB:</strong> Then the LORD passed in front of him and proclaimed: Yahweh--Yahweh is a<span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\"> compassionate and gracious</span> God, slow to anger and rich in faithful love and truth,<br><strong>NASB</strong>: Then the LORD passed by in front of him and proclaimed, “The LORD, the LORD God, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassionate and merciful</span>, slow to anger, and abounding in faithfulness and truth;<br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>NET</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The LORD passed by before him and proclaimed: “The LORD, the LORD, the <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassionate and gracious </span>God, slow to anger, and abounding in loyal love and faithfulness</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>NIV</strong>: And he passed in front of Moses, proclaiming, \"The LORD, the LORD, the <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassionate and gracious </span>God, slow to anger, abounding in love and faithfulness,<br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>NJB:</strong> Then Yahweh passed before him and called out, 'Yahweh, Yahweh, God of <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">tenderness and compassion</span>, slow to anger, rich in faithful love and constancy,<br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>NLT</strong>: The LORD passed in front of Moses, calling out, “Yahweh! The LORD! The God of <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassion and mercy</span>! I am slow to anger and filled with unfailing love and faithfulness.<br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>NWT 1984</strong>:&nbsp;And Jehovah went passing by before his face and declaring: “Jehovah, Jehovah, a God <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">merciful and gracious</span>, slow to anger and abundant in loving-kindness and truth,</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>NWTSY 2013</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;Jehovah was passing before him and declaring: “Jehovah, Jehovah, a God <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">merciful and compassionate,</span> slow to anger and abundant in loyal love and truth.<br></span></div><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">The change here from the earlier versions is at present undocumented in the 2013 revision.&nbsp; Some have stated that when looking for an explanation of a rendering in the 1984&nbsp;edition one should look at the ASV, which indeed here has 'merciful and gracious.' For that matter, Coverdale, Geneva and Bishops' translations all have&nbsp;merciful and gracious {both spell it 'mercifull.'}</span></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>Shocken</strong>: And YHWH passed before his face and called out: YHWH YHWH God, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">showing mercy, showing-favor</span>, long-suffering in anger, abundant in loyalty and faithfulness.</span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">The Shocken translation is by Everett Fox</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">The footnote on this verse reads: YHWH YHWH . . . :These two verses became an important part of later Jewish liturgy, and are known as the 'Thirteen Attributes of God.' showing-mercy, showing-favor</span></li></ul></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong></strong><strong>Tyndale</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;And whe the Lorde walked before him, he cryed: Lorde Lorde God full of <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">compassion ad mercy</span>, which art not lightly angrye but abundat in mercy ad trueth,</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>Vulgate</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;quo transeunte coram eo ait Dominator Domine Deus <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">misericors et clemens</span> patiens et multae miserationis ac verus&nbsp;</span></div><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Jerome, 405 also the Vulgate-CL {1598} and Vulgata-Nova {1979}</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Misericors et clemens translates to&nbsp;merciful and compassionate<br></span></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>Wycliffe</strong>:&nbsp;&nbsp;and whanne the Lord passide bifore hym, he seide, Lordschipere, Lord God, <span class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\">mercyful, and pitouse</span>, pacient, and of myche mersiful doyng, and sothefast</span></div><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Pitouse likely is a variant spelling of piteous, which is today defined as deserving or inciting pity but in the 14th century meant&nbsp;\"compassionate\" or \"merciful\"</span></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">What this page is calling out is that the meaning of these two words is variously translated as:<br></span></div><ol><li><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Compassionate and gracious<span class=\"theme-text-color-2-4\"></span></span></div></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Merciful and gracious</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Pity and grace</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Pitiful and merciful</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Mercifull &amp; gracious</span><br></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Gracious and merciful</span><br></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Kind and merciful</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Compassion and pity<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Compassionate and gracious</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Compassionate and merciful</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Tenderness and compassion</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Compassion and mercy</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Merciful and compassionate</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Mercy and favor</span></li></ol><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Some definitions:&nbsp;<br></span></div><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Compassion<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Defined as <em>'sympathetic&nbsp;consciousness&nbsp;of others' distress together with a desire to alleviate it'</em></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">These twelve different expressions have a somewhat similar meaning<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">We see compassion as the most expansive&nbsp;of these qualities</span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Mercy<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Defined as <em>'compassion, leniency, or restraint (as in imposing punishment) shown especially to an offender or to one subject to the power of another'</em></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em></em>Mercy has a somewhat legalistic flavor<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Certainly Yahweh is a merciful God and one seeking his mercy can reasonably expect to receive it, with some caveats</span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Grace</span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Defined as&nbsp;<em>'ease and fluidity of movement or manner' </em>and</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em>'God-given help or kindness'</em><br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em></em>There are any number of definitions of grace so as to make any meaningful definintion of 'religious' grace practically impossible<br></span></li><li class=\"theme-text-color-4-2\"><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><span class=\"theme-text-color-2-4\">We comment on this&nbsp;when finding fault with&nbsp;<em>grace</em>&nbsp;as a rendering of the Greek&nbsp;<em>​charis&nbsp;</em><u><a href=\"https://editor.sitebuilder.com/page-141-what-kind-of-grace\" data-attached-link=\"{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Pages&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;id1645280045588&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Page 141 - What kind of Grace&quot;}\" class=\"wz-link internal-link\">here-</a></u>&nbsp;{in our rant on <em>Grace</em>}<u></u></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Gracious<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Defined as<em>&nbsp;'&nbsp;marked by kindness and courtesy'</em></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em></em>Of a lighter weight/meaning than compassion<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">We see gracious as a poor rendering of either Hebrew word&nbsp;</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Kindness and courtesy are very weak translations of the Hebrew as 'gracious would have the reader understand</span><br></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>Merciful &amp; compassionate</strong> are orders of magnitude heavier and deeper in meaning</span><br></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Kind<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Defined as&nbsp;<em>'of a sympathetic or helpful nature'</em><br></span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Pity<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Defined as&nbsp;<em>'sympathetic sorrow for one suffering, distressed, or unhappy'</em><br></span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em>​</em>Pitiful/Pity<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Defined {now} as&nbsp;<em>'</em><em></em><em style=\"background-color: initial; letter-spacing: 0px;\">deserving or arousing pity</em></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">An archaic definition of pitiful is&nbsp;<em>'compassionate'</em><br></span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em>​</em>Favor<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Akin to mercy though less formal</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Attributing to God 'showing favor' seems to trivialize Yahweh's actions</span></li></ul></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em>​​</em><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em></em>And some analysis:</span></div><ol><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em>rachûm&nbsp;</em>&nbsp;<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">The first of these descriptors in Hebrew, is translated as:<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Compassion/Compassionate<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Merciful<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Pity/Pitiful</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Kind</span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Tenderness</span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">While compassion and merciful are cousins perhaps, pity is a more distant feeling.&nbsp;<br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">One feels pity but there is no action or attempt to help the object of one's pity implied or otherwise<br></span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Kind is again a more passive quality, as in not harsh or unfeeling<br></span></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Tenderness is way off the mark as we see it. <br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Again it is not necessarily an impetus to help another; it can be passive</span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em>&nbsp;ḥannûn or Channun</em><br></span><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em>​</em><strong>The Complete Word Study Dictionary</strong><em> </em>defines it as: <em>An adjective meaning gracious, merciful. This word is used solely as a descriptive term of God. The Lord used this word when He revealed Himself to Moses (Exo_34:6), as One who is, above all else, merciful and abounding in compassion (Psa_86:15; Psa_103:8)​</em></span><br></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong>NET Notes</strong>&nbsp;has this:&nbsp;<strong></strong><em>N10 tn Here is one of the clearest examples of what it means “to call on the name of the Lord,” as that clause has been translated traditionally (וַיִּקְרָא בְשֵׁם יְהוָה, vayyiqraʾ veshem yehvah). It seems more likely that it means “to make proclamation of Yahweh by name.” Yahweh came down and made a proclamation – and the next verses give the content of what he said. This cannot be prayer or praise; it is <strong>a proclamation of the nature or attributes of God </strong>(which is what his “name” means throughout the Bible) . . . . </em>{formatting added}</span></li></ul></li><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">​​​On&nbsp;<em>rachûm&nbsp; </em>and<em>&nbsp;</em><em>ḥannûn:</em></span><br><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><strong><em>​​</em>The Matthew Henry Commentary </strong>on Ex 34.5-9 states:</span><br><ul><li><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">​<em>(1.) He is merciful. This bespeaks his tender compassion, like that of a father to his children. This is put first, because it is the first wheel in all the instances of God's good-will to fallen man, whose misery makes him an object of pity, Jdg_10:16; Isa_63:9. Let us not then have either hard thoughts of God or hard hearts towards our brethren. (2.) He is gracious. This bespeaks both freeness and kindness; it intimates not only that he has a compassion to his creatures, but a complacency in them and in doing good to them, and this of his own good-will, and not for the sake of any thing in them. His mercy is grace, free grace; this teaches us to be not only pitiful, but courteous, 1Pe_3:8.</em></span><br></li><li>Henry here defines&nbsp;<em>rachûm</em> as 'merciful,' which is how the KJV renders this. However, he relates his merciful qualities to his compassion. He then defines&nbsp;<em>ḥannûn&nbsp;</em>as gracious, and again links it to 'he has a compassion to his creatures.'</li><li>Finally he makes his explanation circular and meaningless by stating 'His mercy is grace, free grace.' As we have in several places in this website, we pose this question: What exactly is meant by grace? It means everything and nothing simultaneously.</li><li>We note that this is a 17th century work and grace perhaps was a clear concept to all readers. There is no such out now for any contemporary translation or commentary to refer to grace however.</li></ul></li></ul></li></ol><div><br></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"></span>An interesting, odd fact about this verse is that <em>the same English word</em> is used to define both:</div><ul><li><em>rachûm&nbsp;</em>is rendered<br><ul><li>Compassionate</li><li>Merciful</li><li>Gracious</li></ul></li><li><em>ḥannûni </em>is rendered<br><ul><li>Compassionate</li><li>Merciful</li><li>Gracious</li></ul></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em></em><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"></span>To state the obvious:&nbsp; Merciful is not the same as Gracious as we note in the definitions section. Merciful is a much larger, more compre-hensive concept. A hotel hostess is ideally gracious; <strong>Jehovah is merciful</strong> and that mercy is life-giving with his provision of the ransom.&nbsp; What we found of note for this verse is that each of the different Hebrew words are rendered with the same word.&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em></em></span><br></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\"><em></em><br></span></div><div><span style=\"font-family:oxygen;\">Background image:&nbsp;<em>From the Kennicott Manuscript, Spain 15th Century</em></span></div><div><br></div>","verticalAlignment":"top"},"metaData":{"position":{"left":-474.0000305175781,"top":161},"size":{"width":942,"height":3902}}},{"type":"image","id":"id1762982175159","elementProperties":{"tagName":"DIV","behaviours":null,"isLocked":false,"name":"Image 1","baseName":null,"templateID":"templateid1762982175160","templateName":null,"order":27,"customStates":null,"isElementWasEditedInMode":false,"showHoverEffects":true,"skinInformation":{},"isSupportsMobile":false,"isVisibleInMode":true,"isFixed":false,"topZIndex":0,"elementOpacity":1,"staticMargin":{"horizontalMargin":0,"verticalMargin":0},"sizeAndPosition":{"width":949,"height":375,"left":-480,"top":597},"lastResizingSize":{"width":949,"height":375,"left":-480,"top":597},"isVisibleInLastSection":true,"isVisibleInLastDataItem":true,"attributes":null,"metaProps":null,"metaItemType":null,"metaTitle":null,"styleBindingId":null,"styleBindingFields":null,"shadow":{"top":0,"left":0,"spread":0,"blur":0,"color":"black"},"glow":{"spread":0,"blur":0,"color":"black"},"isParallaxBackground":false,"parallaxBackgroundSpeed":0.5,"isParallaxElement":{"isActive":false,"speed":1,"delay":0},"effectsOptions":{"isParallax":false,"oneTimeAnimation":false,"duration":1200,"startDistance":200,"startVisibility":0.8,"distance":300,"measureDistanceType":3,"delay":0,"distanceDelay":0,"runInLoop":false,"flyDirection":2,"direction":"horizontal","movementDistanceHorizontally":200,"movementDistanceVertically":0,"autoStartDistanceSettings":true,"autoDistanceSettings":true},"effects":null,"binding":null,"innerGlow":{"spread":0,"blur":0,"color":"black"},"innerShadow":{"top":0,"left":0,"spread":0,"blur":0,"color":"black"},"display":"fixed","cellItem":null,"cellHorizontalAlignment":"none","basicUserCanEdit":true,"isVisible":true,"backgroundColor":"transparent","verticalLayout":"normal","horizontalLayout":"normal","fillLayout":{"fillVertical":false,"fillHorizontal":false},"margin":{"top":0,"left":0,"bottom":0,"right":0},"startSelected":false,"urlAddress":null,"openInNewTab":false,"openInTopWindow":false,"shouldUnderlineChildren":false,"templateOpener":false,"popupType":"DefaultPopup","imageUrl":{"id":154683561,"imagePath":"https://storage.googleapis.com/production-sitebuilder-v1-0-7/527/1827527/x03iqPxo/2147873fa05f4e399364a57b5d04c185","storageServer":0,"imageWidth":3208,"imageHeight":1087},"imageLayout":"stretched","imagePosition":{"vertical":"center","horizontal":"center"},"origImage":"","imageOpacity":1,"borderWidth":{"top":0,"left":0,"bottom":0,"right":0},"roundness":{"topLeft":0,"bottomLeft":0,"topRight":0,"bottomRight":0},"borderColor":{"top":"black","left":"black","bottom":"black","right":"black"},"borderStyle":{"top":"solid","left":"solid","bottom":"solid","right":"solid"},"rotationAngle":0,"backgroundOverlay":"transparent","dataBinding":null,"imageLoadingOverlay":{"background":"rgba(255,255,255,0.7)","imageInfo":{}},"imageLoadingSettings":{"hideImage":false,"showOverlay":false,"overlayBackground":"rgba(255,255,255,0.7)"},"alt":null},"metaData":{"position":{"left":-480.0000305175781,"top":669},"size":{"width":949,"height":375}}}]}],"offset":{"left":231,"top":64}}],"connections":{"targetConnections":{},"sourceConnections":{}},"customStatesProperties":{"id1762971455828":{"isElementWasEditedInMode":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":true}}},"isVisibleInMode":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":true}}},"sizeAndPosition":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":{"width":118,"height":40,"left":194,"top":84}}}},"display":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":"fixed"}}},"cellItem":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":{"id":1762971455830,"width":100,"rowId":1762971455831}}}},"verticalLayout":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":"normal"}}},"horizontalLayout":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":"normal"}}},"fillLayout":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":{"fillHorizontal":false,"fillVertical":false}}}},"margin":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":{"top":0,"left":0,"bottom":0,"right":0}}}},"isVisible":{"MobileResponsiveStateId1234":{"coordinator":{"stateValue":true}}}}},"pageId":"id1764797184545","version":17.004,"id":"id1764798835883","relativePoint":{"left":231,"top":64}}