Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30- or 31-amino-acid-long peptide hormone deriving from tissue-specific posttranslational processing of the proglucagon peptide.
ButGLP-1isn’t just released in the gut in response to eating. It is released by other cells, including neuronal cells. In thebrain,GLP-1has been shown to interact with reward pathways, potentially altering responses to food, alcohol and drugs.
We will discuss whether these seemingly diversefunctionsare manifestations of a single overarchingfunctionofGLP‐1within thebrainor whether they reflect an array offunctionsthat are activated individually and independently by the appropriate activation of subsets of PPG neurons.
Gut-derivedGLP-1can cross the bloodbrainbarrier (BBB) and bind receptors in the circumventricular organs of the brainstem, however its short half-life is believed to limit itsfunctionwithin thebrain.
Does Ozempic CauseBrainFog? HowGLP-1s Affect theBrain. Potential Ozempic Side Effects.There are concerns about the risk of depression,anxiety, and suicidal thoughts linked to these weight loss medications. More research on mental health effects is needed.
The firstGLP-1RA approved for obesity was liraglutide in 2014, under the name Saxenda, while a higher-dose version of semaglutide was approved under the name Wegovy in 2021.
BrainGLP-1/IGF-1 Signaling and Autophagy Mediate Exendin-4 Protection Against Apoptosis in Type 2 Diabetic Rats.Exendin-4 Enhances MotorFunctionRecovery via Promotion of Autophagy and Inhibition of Neuronal Apoptosis After Spinal Cord Injury in Rats.
