Understanding Mezuzah Placement: The Mezuzah in the Doorway
The mezuzah, a small case containing a parchment inscribed with specific Hebrew verses from the Torah, is a significant symbol in Jewish tradition. It is typically affixed to the doorposts of Jewish homes and often becomes a topic of curiosity and interest for those unfamiliar with Jewish customs. This article delves into the practice of placing a mezuzah in the doorway, its significance, and the intricacies of this tradition.
What is a Mezuzah?
A mezuzah is a fundamental mitzvah (commandment) in Judaism, one of the 613 mitzvot given to the Jewish people by God. It serves as a reminder of the Jewish faith and the covenant between God and the Jewish people. The parchment inside the mezuzah case contains the Shema Yisrael prayer and the verses of Deuteronomy 6:4-9 and 11:13-21.
The Significance of Placing a Mezuzah in the Doorway
Placing a mezuzah on the doorway is more than just a decorative practice. It holds profound spiritual and symbolic significance. The doorway is considered the entrance to the home, and the mezuzah serves as a reminder of God's presence and protection as one enters and exits the home. It is also seen as a symbol of the Jewish home and a declaration of the homeowner's faith.
Where Exactly Should a Mezuzah Be Placed?
The mezuzah is affixed to the right side of the doorway as one enters the room, at a slight angle, with the top pointing upwards. This is based on the verse in Deuteronomy 6:9, "And you shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates." The mezuzah should be placed at a height between one-third and one-half of the height of the door, so that it can be easily kissed when entering and leaving the room.
Mezuzah Placement in Different Types of Doorways
- External Doorways: A mezuzah is placed on the right side of the doorway as one enters the home. If the doorway is particularly wide, two mezuzahs may be placed, one on each side.
- Internal Doorways: Mezuzahs are placed on the right side of doorways leading into rooms, except for the doorway leading into the bathroom or the lavatory, where it is placed on the left side.
- Doorways in Public Spaces: Mezuzahs are not placed on doorways in public spaces, such as offices, schools, or synagogues, as these are not considered private dwellings.
Blessing the Mezuzah
When affixing a mezuzah to a doorway, it is customary to recite a blessing. The blessing is as follows: "Baruch atah Adonai, Eloheinu melech ha'olam, asher kid'shanu b'mitzvotav v'tzivanu l'kayem mezuzah." (Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, who has sanctified us with Your commandments and commanded us to affix a mezuzah.)
Checking and Reaffixing Mezuzahs
It is customary to check the mezuzahs in one's home on the holiday of Hoshanah Rabbah, which occurs seven days before Simchat Torah. If the mezuzah is found to be damaged or missing, it should be replaced or repaired as soon as possible. The mezuzah should also be reaffixed if the doorpost has been painted or otherwise altered.
