Efficacy of Single-Strain Probiotics Versus Multi-Strain Mixtures: Systematic Review of Strain and Disease Specificity
by Admin
Posted on 23-01-2024 05:24 PM
Background: as the use and diversity of probiotic products expands, the choice of an appropriate type of probiotic is challenging for both medical care professionals and the public alike.
Two vital factors in choosing the appropriate probiotic are often ignored, namely, the probiotic strain-specificity and disease-specificity for efficacy. Reviews and meta-analyses often pool together different types of probiotics, resulting in misleading conclusions of efficacy. Methods: a systematic review of the literature (1970–2017) assessing strain-specific and disease-specific probiotic efficacy was conducted. Trials were included for probiotics with an identifiable strain (either single strain or mixtures of strains) that had at least two randomized, controlled trials for each type of disease indication.
The Different Ways Multi-Strain Probiotics with Different Ratios of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus Relieve Constipation Induced by Loperamide in Mice
Constipation is currently one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders, and its causes are diverse. Multi-strain probiotics are often considered a more effective treatment than single-strain probiotics. In this study, a constipation model was constructed using loperamide hydrochloride to evaluate the ability of a multi-strain probiotic combination of four different ratios of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus to regulate intestinal flora, relieve constipation, and explore the initial mechanism in mice. After four weeks of probiotic intervention, bm1, bm2, and pb2 effectively relieved constipation; however, the pathways involved were different.
The bifidobacteria-dominated formulations bm1 and bm2 mainly changed the composition and structure of the intestinal flora and significantly decreased the relative abundance of tyzzerella, enterorhabdus, faecalibaculum, gordonibacter, and mucispirillum in stool; increased the relative abundance of parabacteroides and the content of short-chain fatty acids (scfas) in stool; restored motilin (mtl) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) levels; and downregulated interleukin 6 (il-6) and il-8 levels in serum.
https://4ib.z23.web.core.windows.net/probioticcacteriacapsules/supplements/Probiotics-101-What-are-Human-Origin-Strains.html
2. Materials and Methods
Background and objectives: developing effective treatment outcomes for multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii (mrab) infections, with colistin and tigecycline the current frontline therapies, is challenging, because of the risk of renal toxicity and low blood concentrations of active ingredients when administered intravenously. This study aimed to identify the effect of combination therapy using conventional antimicrobial agents that are used for treating drug-resistant bacteria and the additional synergistic effect of four probiotic culture extracts isolated from the human body and lactobacillus preparations. Materials and methods: the antimicrobial combination and synergistic effect of adding lactobacillus extract against 33 strains of a. Baumannii isolated from pus, urine, and other specimens submitted to the department of laboratory medicine of a university hospital, located in gyeonggi-do, korea, was investigated over a 3-year period between january 2017 and december 2019.
The analyses in this work are based on shotgun metagenomic sequences of human gut endoscopy and stool microbiome samples collected as part of our published studies on probiotics 26 , 27. Samples were collected from 36 adult males and females as follows: a cohort providing stool samples on 7 sequential days and undergoing endoscopic examination on the last day without any previous intervention (n = 15, 46. 6% female, mean age 39. 73 ± 14. 88 years, mean body mass index 22. 71 ± 3. 76 kg m−2). Of these, a sub-cohort supplemented with a commercially available probiotic supplement (bio-25, supherb) and undergoing endoscopic sampling on day 0 and 21 of supplementation, with stool samples provided before, during and after supplementation (n = 10, 40% female, 39.
The culture media used for in-vitro fecal fermentation was prepared as described by boler et al. 63. Fecal samples were collected from 2 healthy donors, and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen followed by storage at −80 °c until further use. Fecal collection is approved by wake forest school of medicine’s institutional review board. In anaerobic chamber, fecal samples were thawed, diluted (1:10 w/v) in anaerobic dilution solution (nacl 5; glucose 2; cystein-hcl 0. 3; g/l) and vortexed for 15 minutes for complete homogenization. The mixture was filtered through four layers of cheesecloth and was immediately used for inoculation of tubes containing media inoculated with probiotics.