Navigating the Complexities - Essential Tax Planning Tips for USA Expats in Singapore
After the conversation with USA expat tax expert Derren Joseph providing American tax services in Singapore, expats from the US living in Singapore face more complex tax considerations than their peers worldwide. Your taxes could be affected by various factors if you're on short-term assignment or permanently moved there; taxes could differ based on whether your stay was temporary or permanent.
Singapore does not share a tax treaty with the United States, meaning income may be taxed in both nations. Thankfully, strategies exist that may reduce double taxation.
1. Know Your Resident and Non-Resident Status
Knowing your residency status when living abroad for US expats is essential in tax planning. The US is one of the few governments to tax all worldwide income earned by its citizens and green card holders regardless of where they live - though there are special provisions within the IRS to avoid double taxation.
Singapore considers you a resident if you pass either of its tests requiring that you spend at least 330 days annually in Singapore - either the Physical Presence Test or Bona Fide Residence Test, both of which require you to spend that length of time. Once qualified as a resident, benefits like Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE) or Foreign Housing Exclusion may apply to you; self-employed individuals will need to file Form 5471 reporting their profits; additionally, due to new US tax reform legislation GILTI tax filing can add complexity into their filings causing further complexity with regards filing their taxes and filing requirements.
Non-residents in Singapore are subject to progressive tax rates based on how much income they generate, with higher earnings subject to higher rates of withholding tax and withholding fees on certain payments made to non-residents, such as interest, royalties, rent for movable property rent for management fees or technical assistance fees. However, Singapore maintains an extensive network of avoidance of double taxation treaties with over 60 countries including the USA that may provide relief through reduced withholding rates or foreign tax credits.
Investment wisely is another effective strategy for US expats living in Singapore to reduce their tax liability. Investors using IRAs or Roth IRAs can contribute up to $6,000 each year into retirement accounts using US mutual funds with lower fees; additionally, you won't be exposed to high tax rates that many local investments incur.
US expats need to understand how Singapore's capital gains and withholding taxes affect their tax returns, particularly as this country levies 7% taxes on sales of goods and services with the exception of residential properties and precious metal imports.
2. Know Your Tax Rates
As an American expat in Singapore, you will likely be subject to both Singapore and US taxes. Your exact rates depend on two factors: residency status and types of income received. Residency requirements can be found here - Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) defines residents as those who have resided for more than 182 days within any given tax year.
Assuming you qualify as a resident in Singapore, all income that is earned here is subject to Singapore taxation - both employment income and investment income are taxable; though certain categories such as interest and dividends are exempt. Furthermore, IRAS provides several tax credits and exemptions that may help lower your overall liability.
As an nonresident of the United States, all your income is subject to U.S. taxes with some exemptions such as the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion and Foreign Housing Exclusion which can help lower your tax bill in America.
Your location could also determine your Social Security and Medicare taxation rates; for example, an American who resides as a Permanent Resident in Singapore with salary from a Singapore-based company is subject to different tax rates for Social Security and Medicare contributions. As Singapore does not have an agreement with the U.S. regarding its Central Provident Fund (CPF), any contributions by both employers and employees to it are taxed as income in America.
No matter your residency status, seeking professional guidance when filing US expat taxes in Singapore is of vital importance. From making sure to claim all eligible deductions and allowances to taking advantage of foreign earned income exclusions, expert guidance from an experienced professional should always be sought as soon as possible.
3. Know Your Exemptions
Dependent upon the nature and source of your income, taxes in Singapore may differ significantly from those due in the US. Thankfully, however, the latter offers various exemptions and credits that can help mitigate double taxation; such as Foreign Earned Income Exclusion and Foreign Housing Exclusion which can significantly reduce or eliminate U.S. tax liabilities altogether. Furthermore, numerous countries maintain tax treaties with the US to prevent double taxation arising when living overseas.
Tax planning for Americans living in Singapore should include considering their eligibility for tax credits or rebates, like financial services and precious metal imports that typically attract 7% taxes here. Furthermore, you could even get tax deductions on some portion of rental property income.
As well as tax rebates, you might also qualify for exemptions or deductions that are tailored specifically to your situation. For instance, if your children attend school in the city you might qualify for child-related tax exemptions or rebates while self-employed people might be able to deduct certain expenses related to business operations.
As an aspiring serial entrepreneur, you might also qualify for the Global Investor Program (GIP) or Foreign Artistic Scheme - two programs which may make residency in Canada more straightforward for serial entrepreneurs.
One of the most frequently asked questions by our clients is whether or not they're required to file a US tax return while living in Singapore. While the answer can depend on your individual circumstances, expats generally should file annually as the United States operates under citizenship-based taxation, meaning all Americans must report all their worldwide income annually to the IRS.
4. Know Your Options
Dependent upon your individual situation, there are various strategies available to reduce your US tax liability. These may include claiming lower withheld rates from compensation checks, taking advantage of moving expense deductions and availing of foreign-earned income exclusions that could save thousands each year. Our expert team will analyze your unique circumstance and suggest strategies designed to lower tax obligations as an expat of USA living in Singapore.
US expats living in Singapore face many important factors when filing their US tax returns, from temporary assignments to longer-term financial ties in the country. Our experts can assist in navigating through this system so you pay only what is legally obligated.
Even if you are working temporarily in Singapore, the IRS requires that you file a US return. They consider all sources of income including Singapore. Americans living abroad also enjoy tax perks such as being able to deduct certain amounts for foreign housing expenses and participating in the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE) program - with each year's amount excluded dependent upon how long qualifying months you were present and adjusted annually for inflation.
Americans working for Singapore companies must have FICA (Social Security and Medicare) taxes deducted directly from their paychecks; an American self-employed in Singapore would have to make FICA contributions on their own through an additional tax form. Overall, however, living Americans must ensure they have enough credits in their Social Security account in order to be eligible for retirement benefits from both social security and Medicare programs.
Singapore may offer a relatively straightforward local tax system, yet Americans located there must also account for U.S. estate and income taxes. We employ various strategies to assist our clients in mitigating these taxes as efficiently as possible, such as avoiding PFICs, setting up cost-efficient mechanisms for moving money between countries, investing in an optimal account type for savings accounts, taking advantage of tax perks available such as qualified foreign pensions and IRAs and using tax planning perks to minimize estate and income tax liability.