Let's take a look at some general things about Finland you should know.
Finland's heritage and history is a rich tapestry that weaves together periods of conflict, cultural development, and significant transformation. Originally settled during the Stone Age, Finland's strategic location between East and West has played a crucial role in its history. Over the centuries, it became a battleground for control between Sweden and Russia, two regional powers.
From the 12th to the early 19th century, Finland was part of Sweden, and this period saw the introduction of Christianity, the Swedish legal system, and the Swedish language. Finnish society was deeply influenced by Swedish governance, which left a lasting legacy on its administrative and social structures.
In 1809, after the Finnish War, Finland was ceded to Russia by Sweden and became the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland within the Russian Empire. This period was marked by a national awakening, with the Finnish language gaining prominence and a distinct Finnish cultural identity beginning to form.
Finland declared its independence from Russia in 1917, amidst the turmoil of the Russian Revolution. The early years of independence were marked by a civil war between the Reds (socialists) and the Whites (conservatives), which the Whites won. Finland established itself as a republic in 1919.
During World War II, Finland fought the Soviet Union in the Winter War (1939-1940) and the Continuation War (1941-1944), managing to preserve its independence but ceding some territories to the USSR. The post-war era was characterized by recovery, neutrality in the Cold War, and significant social and economic progress.
Finland joined the European Union in 1995, marking a new phase in its history, characterized by increased international integration. Today, Finland is known for its high standard of living, advanced education system, and commitment to democracy and human rights.